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(Created page with "thumb|330x330px|JAWS Screen Reader|alt={{Clear right}} {{Breadcrumbs|align=right|page=|url=|wikipedia=yes}}{{Clear right}} {{#ev:youtube|UzffnbBex6c|400|right|How A Blind Person Uses A Computer}}{{Clear right}}A '''screen reader''' is a software application that attempts to identify and interpret what is being displayed on the screen (or, more accurately, sent to standard output, whether a video monitor is present or not). This interpret...") |
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{{Breadcrumbs|align=right|page=|url=|wikipedia=yes}} | |||
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{{#ev:youtube|UzffnbBex6c|400|right|How A Blind Person Uses A Computer}}{{Clear right}}A '''screen reader''' is a software application that attempts to identify and interpret what is being displayed on the screen (or, more accurately, sent to standard output, whether a video monitor is present or not). This interpretation is then re-presented to the user with {{W|text-to-speech}}, sound icons, or a Braille output device]. Screen readers are a form of [[assistive technology]] (AT) potentially useful to people who are blind, visually impaired (such as color blind), illiterate or learning disabled, often in combination with other AT, such as screen magnifiers. | {{#ev:youtube|UzffnbBex6c|400|right|How A Blind Person Uses A Computer}}{{Clear right}}A '''screen reader''' is a software application that attempts to identify and interpret what is being displayed on the screen (or, more accurately, sent to standard output, whether a video monitor is present or not). This interpretation is then re-presented to the user with {{W|text-to-speech}}, sound icons, or a Braille output device]. Screen readers are a form of [[assistive technology]] (AT) potentially useful to people who are blind, visually impaired (such as color blind), illiterate or learning disabled, often in combination with other AT, such as screen magnifiers. | ||
A person's choice of screen reader is dictated by many factors, including platform, cost (even to upgrade a screen reader can cost hundreds of U.S. dollars), and the role of organizations like charities, schools, and employers. Screen reader choice is contentious: differing priorities and strong preferences are common.{{citation needed|date=December 2011}} | A person's choice of screen reader is dictated by many factors, including platform, cost (even to upgrade a screen reader can cost hundreds of U.S. dollars), and the role of organizations like charities, schools, and employers. Screen reader choice is contentious: differing priorities and strong preferences are common.{{citation needed|date=December 2011}} | ||
== Software options == | ==Software options== | ||
See the [http://www.afb.org/ProdBrowseCatResults.aspx?CatID=49 list from the American Foundation for the Blind]. | See the [http://www.afb.org/ProdBrowseCatResults.aspx?CatID=49 list from the American Foundation for the Blind]. | ||
=== Open sources === | ===Open sources=== | ||
There are also popular free and [[open source]] screen readers, such as the | There are also popular free and [[open source]] screen readers, such as the | ||
*{{W|Orca (assistive technology)|l1=Orca}} for Unix-like systems and | |||
*{{W|NonVisual Desktop Access}} for Windows - https://www.nvaccess.org/about-nvda/ | |||
===Commercial products === | |||
=== Commercial products === | |||
{{#ev:youtube|qiKWTTtGq7U|400|right|Basic overview of the JAWS screen reader}} | {{#ev:youtube|qiKWTTtGq7U|400|right|Basic overview of the JAWS screen reader}} | ||
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| accessdate = 2008-07-20 }}</ref> are separate commercial products in the English-speaking market: | | accessdate = 2008-07-20 }}</ref> are separate commercial products in the English-speaking market: | ||
* | *Job Access With Speech (JAWS) from Freedom Scientific | ||
*Window-Eyes from GW Micro | |||
* Window-Eyes from GW Micro | *Dolphin Supernova by Dolphin Computer Access | ||
*System Access from Serotek and | |||
* Dolphin Supernova by Dolphin Computer Access | *ZoomText Magnifier/Reader from AiSquared | ||
*[https://www.freedomscientific.com/products/software/fusion/ Fusion] - ZoomText® , with its screen magnification and visual enhancements for screen viewing ease, coupled with the power and speed of JAWS® for screen reading functionality | |||
* System Access from Serotek and | |||
* ZoomText Magnifier/Reader from AiSquared | |||
* [https://www.freedomscientific.com/products/software/fusion/ Fusion] - ZoomText® , with its screen magnification and visual enhancements for screen viewing ease, coupled with the power and speed of JAWS® for screen reading functionality | |||
===Operating system tools=== | |||
** Speakup | *Microsoft Windows operating systems have included the {{W|Microsoft Narrator}} light-duty screen reader since Windows 2000. | ||
*Apple Inc. Mac OS X includes {{W|VoiceOver}}, a feature-rich screen reader. | |||
*The console-based Oralux [[Linux]] distribution ships with three console screen-reading environments: | |||
**Emacspeak | |||
**Yasr | |||
**Speakup | |||
== Features == | ==Features== | ||
Screen readers speak letters, words, numbers, punctuation, and elements aloud, sending the voice output to your computer speakers or connected headphones. Screen readers are the default computer access method for people who are unable to see the computer screen. Even users with partial sight will want to learn about, and most likely use, screen readers. Perhaps right now you can operate a computer perfectly fine with just a bit of screen magnification, but what if your vision deteriorates? Even if your functional vision remains steady, pairing a screen reader with a screen magnifier will enable you to spend more time using your computer with minimal eye strain. | Screen readers speak letters, words, numbers, punctuation, and elements aloud, sending the voice output to your computer speakers or connected headphones. Screen readers are the default computer access method for people who are unable to see the computer screen. Even users with partial sight will want to learn about, and most likely use, screen readers. Perhaps right now you can operate a computer perfectly fine with just a bit of screen magnification, but what if your vision deteriorates? Even if your functional vision remains steady, pairing a screen reader with a screen magnifier will enable you to spend more time using your computer with minimal eye strain. | ||
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If you are learning to read and write braille, most screen readers offer an additional useful option. Instead of having your screen read out loud, you can obtain a refreshable braille display and use your screen reader without audible speech. | If you are learning to read and write braille, most screen readers offer an additional useful option. Instead of having your screen read out loud, you can obtain a refreshable braille display and use your screen reader without audible speech. | ||
==Related == | |||
== Related == | |||
* [[Accessibility]] | *[[Accessibility]] | ||
== External links == | ==External links== | ||
== References == | ==References== | ||
{{reflist}} | {{reflist}} | ||