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Saint Maurice d'Agaune: Difference between revisions
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(Created page with "{{Saints |SaintName=Saint Maurice of Agaunum |SaintStage=Saint |SaintBirthDate= |SaintBirthPlace=Thebes, Egypt, Roman Empire |SaintBirthCoordinates=25.7000, 32.6000 |SaintDeathDate=09-22-0287 |DeathPlace=Agaunum, Switzerland, Roman Empire |SaintDeathCoordinates=46.2167, 7.0000 |SaintCauseOfDeath=Martyrdom |NotableAddress1=Abbey of Saint-Maurice d'Agaune, 1890 Saint-Maurice, Switzerland |NotableLabel1=Primary abbey and martyrdom site |NotableCoordinates1=46.2167, 7.0000 |...") |
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'''Saint Maurice of Agaunum''' (Latin: ''Sanctus Mauritius Agaunensis''; d. c. 287 AD) was a Christian Egyptian military leader and commander of the Theban Legion, a unit of 6,600 soldiers martyred en masse in Agaunum (modern Saint-Maurice-en-Valais, Switzerland) for refusing to sacrifice to Roman gods during the Diocletianic Persecution.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Saint Maurice |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Maurice |website=Britannica |access-date=2025-11-07}}</ref> According to the 5th-century hagiographic ''Passio Acaunensium Martyrum'' attributed to Eucherius of Lyons, Maurice, a native of Thebes and devout Christian, led his legion—recruited from Upper Egypt—to Gaul for Emperor Maximian's campaign against the Gauls, but upon orders to sacrifice at Octodurum (Martigny), he and his troops mutinied, decamped to Agaunum, and professed faith, resulting in their execution by beheading on September 22, 287 AD.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Saint Maurice |url=https://www.catholic.org/saints/saint.php?saint_id=368 |website=Catholic Online |access-date=2025-11-07}}</ref> The legion's solidarity in martyrdom, with no deserters, inspired immediate veneration, with relics distributed across Europe by the 4th century.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Saint Maurice and Companions |url=https://www.franciscanmedia.org/saint-of-the-day/saint-maurice-and-companions/ |website=Franciscan Media |access-date=2025-11-07}}</ref> | '''Saint Maurice d'Agaune''' also known as '''Saint Maurice of Agaunum''' (Latin: ''Sanctus Mauritius Agaunensis''; d. c. 287 AD) was a Christian Egyptian military leader and commander of the Theban Legion, a unit of 6,600 soldiers martyred en masse in Agaunum (modern Saint-Maurice-en-Valais, Switzerland) for refusing to sacrifice to Roman gods during the Diocletianic Persecution.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Saint Maurice |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Maurice |website=Britannica |access-date=2025-11-07}}</ref> According to the 5th-century hagiographic ''Passio Acaunensium Martyrum'' attributed to Eucherius of Lyons, Maurice, a native of Thebes and devout Christian, led his legion—recruited from Upper Egypt—to Gaul for Emperor Maximian's campaign against the Gauls, but upon orders to sacrifice at Octodurum (Martigny), he and his troops mutinied, decamped to Agaunum, and professed faith, resulting in their execution by beheading on September 22, 287 AD.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Saint Maurice |url=https://www.catholic.org/saints/saint.php?saint_id=368 |website=Catholic Online |access-date=2025-11-07}}</ref> The legion's solidarity in martyrdom, with no deserters, inspired immediate veneration, with relics distributed across Europe by the 4th century.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Saint Maurice and Companions |url=https://www.franciscanmedia.org/saint-of-the-day/saint-maurice-and-companions/ |website=Franciscan Media |access-date=2025-11-07}}</ref> | ||
As patron saint of soldiers, the Alps, and several European regions, Maurice's feast day is September 22 in the [[Roman Rite]], marking the Theban Legion's commemoration.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Theban Legion - Wikipedia |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theban_Legion |website=Wikipedia |access-date=2025-11-07}}</ref> While primary sources like Eucherius's passio confirm the cult's antiquity from the 4th century, hagiographic traditions elaborate on Maurice's pre-martyrdom miracles, such as a fountain springing for the legion, which cannot be independently verified and likely reflect 5th-century embellishments. Evidence from Agaunum's 4th-century oratory archaeology supports early pilgrimage, positioning Maurice as a symbol of collective Christian witness in Catholic tradition, though modern scholarship debates the legion's historical scale as possibly exaggerated for inspirational purposes. | As patron saint of soldiers, the Alps, and several European regions, Maurice's feast day is September 22 in the [[Roman Rite]], marking the Theban Legion's commemoration.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Theban Legion - Wikipedia |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theban_Legion |website=Wikipedia |access-date=2025-11-07}}</ref> While primary sources like Eucherius's passio confirm the cult's antiquity from the 4th century, hagiographic traditions elaborate on Maurice's pre-martyrdom miracles, such as a fountain springing for the legion, which cannot be independently verified and likely reflect 5th-century embellishments. Evidence from Agaunum's 4th-century oratory archaeology supports early pilgrimage, positioning Maurice as a symbol of collective Christian witness in Catholic tradition, though modern scholarship debates the legion's historical scale as possibly exaggerated for inspirational purposes. | ||