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(Created page with "{{Saints |SaintName=Saint Elizabeth of Hungary |SaintStage=Saint |SaintBirthDate= |SaintBirthPlace=Pressburg, Kingdom of Hungary (now Bratislava, Slovakia) |SaintBirthCoordinates=48.1482, 17.1077 |SaintDeathDate=11-17-1231 |DeathPlace=Marburg, Landgraviate of Thuringia, Holy Roman Empire (now Germany) |SaintDeathCoordinates=50.8113, 8.7704 |SaintCauseOfDeath=Natural causes |NotableAddress1=Marktplatz 1, 35037 Marburg, Germany |NotableLabel1=St. Elizabeth Church (relics a...") |
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{{Saints | {{Saints | ||
|SaintName=Saint Elizabeth | |SaintName=Saint Elizabeth | ||
|SaintStage=Saint | |SaintStage=Saint | ||
|SaintBirthDate= | |SaintBirthDate= | ||
|SaintBirthPlace= | |SaintBirthPlace=Judea, Roman Empire (likely Ein Karem, now Israel) | ||
|SaintBirthCoordinates= | |SaintBirthCoordinates=31.7767, 35.1306 | ||
|SaintDeathDate= | |SaintDeathDate= | ||
|DeathPlace= | |DeathPlace=Judea, Roman Empire (now Israel) | ||
|SaintDeathCoordinates= | |SaintDeathCoordinates=31.7767, 35.1306 | ||
|SaintCauseOfDeath=Natural causes | |SaintCauseOfDeath=Natural causes | ||
|NotableAddress1= | |NotableAddress1=Ein Karem, Jerusalem 9103400, Israel | ||
|NotableLabel1= | |NotableLabel1=Church of the Visitation (site of Visitation to Mary) | ||
|NotableCoordinates1= | |NotableCoordinates1=31.7767, 35.1306 | ||
|NotableAddress2= | |NotableAddress2=Ein Karem, Jerusalem 9103400, Israel | ||
|NotableLabel2= | |NotableLabel2=Church of Saint John the Baptist (birthplace tradition) | ||
|NotableCoordinates2= | |NotableCoordinates2=31.7767, 35.1306 | ||
|NotableAddress3= | |NotableAddress3=Church of the Visitation, Ein Karem, Jerusalem 9103400, Israel | ||
|NotableLabel3= | |NotableLabel3=Shrine of the Visitation | ||
|NotableCoordinates3= | |NotableCoordinates3=31.7767, 35.1306 | ||
|NotableAddress4= | |NotableAddress4= | ||
|NotableLabel4= | |NotableLabel4= | ||
|NotableCoordinates4= | |NotableCoordinates4= | ||
|NotableAddress5= | |NotableAddress5= | ||
|NotableLabel5= | |NotableLabel5= | ||
|NotableCoordinates5= | |NotableCoordinates5= | ||
|BeatificationDate= | |BeatificationDate= | ||
|Beatifier= | |Beatifier= | ||
|BeatificationLocation= | |BeatificationLocation= | ||
|Canonized=Yes | |Canonized=Yes | ||
|CanonizationDate= | |CanonizationDate=Ancient recognition | ||
|Canonizer= | |Canonizer=Early Church | ||
|CanonizationLocation= | |CanonizationLocation= | ||
|SaintMiracle1= | |SaintMiracle1= | ||
|SaintMiracle2= | |SaintMiracle2= | ||
|SaintMiracle3= | |SaintMiracle3= | ||
|FeastDay=November | |FeastDay=November 05 | ||
|LiturgicalClass= | |LiturgicalClass= | ||
|Profession= | |Profession=Housewife | ||
|ReligiousAffiliation= | |ReligiousAffiliation= | ||
|Patronage= | |Patronage=Expectant mothers; women in labor; difficult childbirth | ||
|Attributes= | |Attributes=Pregnant figure; infant John the Baptist; house | ||
|PrimaryShrine= | |PrimaryShrine=Church of the Visitation, Ein Karem, Israel | ||
|AdditionalVeneration=Anglican Communion | |AdditionalVeneration=Eastern Orthodox Church; Anglican Communion | ||
|AssociatedCountries= | |AssociatedCountries=Israel | ||
|AssociatedDioceses=[[ | |AssociatedDioceses=[[Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem]] | ||
|ReviewLevel=0 | |ReviewLevel=0 | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Saint Elizabeth | '''Saint Elizabeth''' (Hebrew: ''Elisheva''; 1st century BC) was a Jewish woman from the [[tribe of Levi]], wife of the priest Zachary, and mother of [[John the Baptist]], known for her righteousness and the miraculous conception in old age as recounted in the [[Gospel of Luke]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=St. Elizabeth |url=https://www.catholic.org/saints/saint.php?saint_id=738 |website=Catholic Online |access-date=2025-11-14}}</ref> According to Scripture, Elizabeth, a descendant of [[Aaron]], lived barren and childless in Judea, facing social reproach but remaining blameless before God (Luke 1:5–7). In her sixth month of pregnancy, announced by the angel Gabriel to Zachary, her relative Mary, pregnant with Jesus, visited her; filled with the [[Holy Spirit]], Elizabeth proclaimed Mary "blessed among women" and felt the unborn John leap in joy at Christ's presence (Luke 1:39–45), a moment celebrated as the [[Visitation (Christianity)|Visitation]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: St. Elizabeth |url=https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05386a.htm |website=New Advent |access-date=2025-11-14}}</ref> | ||
Venerated as a saint in Catholic, Orthodox, and Anglican traditions, Elizabeth's story exemplifies patient faith and prophetic recognition of the Messiah, with her feast day observed on November 5 alongside Zachary in the [[Roman Rite]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=St. Elizabeth |url=https://www.franciscanmedia.org/saint-of-the-day/saint-elizabeth-of-the-holy-scripture/ |website=Franciscan Media |access-date=2025-11-14}}</ref> While biblical accounts provide the primary historical framework, hagiographic traditions elaborate on her later life with John in the desert, which cannot be confirmed beyond Luke's narrative. Evidence from early Church Fathers like Irenaeus affirms her Levitical lineage and role in salvation history, positioning her as a model of barrenness transformed by divine promise in Catholic exegesis. | |||
== Biography == | == Biography == | ||
=== Birth === | === Birth === | ||
Saint Elizabeth | Saint Elizabeth was born in the 1st century BC in Judea, Roman Empire (likely Ein Karem, modern Israel), as a descendant of Aaron from the tribe of Levi, though exact date remains unknown.<ref>{{Cite web |title=St. Elizabeth |url=https://www.catholic.org/saints/saint.php?saint_id=738 |website=Catholic Online |access-date=2025-11-14}}</ref> Hagiographic tradition holds a pious upbringing in a priestly family, but this cannot be verified by primary sources beyond Luke 1:5. Probabilistic inferences from Herodian Judea suggest a devout Jewish home emphasizing temple service. | ||
No baptismal records exist; early life details are unavailable. | |||
=== Early Life === | === Early Life === | ||
Elizabeth married Zachary, a priest of Abijah's division, living righteously in a hill country town (Luke 1:5–7), possibly Ein Karem.<ref>{{Cite web |title=CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: St. Elizabeth |url=https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05386a.htm |website=New Advent |access-date=2025-11-14}}</ref> Barren and advanced in age, she endured stigma but remained blameless. Evidence from Luke indicates her social isolation until Gabriel's annunciation. | |||
Her early life | Her early life centered on faithful observance. | ||
=== Occupation === | === Occupation === | ||
Elizabeth's occupation | Elizabeth's occupation was that of a devoted wife and future mother, managing a priestly household in Judea.<ref>{{Cite web |title=St. Elizabeth |url=https://www.franciscanmedia.org/saint-of-the-day/saint-elizabeth-of-the-holy-scripture/ |website=Franciscan Media |access-date=2025-11-14}}</ref> Post-conception, she secluded for five months (Luke 1:24). Historical context from 1st-century Judaism confirms women's roles in domestic piety. | ||
This | This reflected Levitical purity. | ||
=== Vocation === | === Vocation === | ||
Elizabeth's vocation as | Elizabeth's vocation as prophetic forerunner's mother unfolded with John's conception, her Magnificat-like praise (Luke 1:25).<ref>{{Cite web |title=St. Elizabeth |url=https://www.catholic.org/saints/saint.php?saint_id=738 |website=Catholic Online |access-date=2025-11-14}}</ref> At the Visitation, Spirit-filled, she hailed Mary and John's leap (Luke 1:41–45). Hagiographic tradition suggests desert life with John, unverifiable. | ||
Her calling | Her calling bridged Old and New Covenants. | ||
=== Death === | === Death === | ||
Saint Elizabeth | Saint Elizabeth's death date and circumstances are unknown, presumed natural causes in Judea post-John's birth.<ref>{{Cite web |title=CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: St. Elizabeth |url=https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05386a.htm |website=New Advent |access-date=2025-11-14}}</ref> Tradition places it in Ein Karem. | ||
=== Significant events === | === Significant events === | ||
* | * Married Zachary, priest of Abijah (1st century BC).<ref name="catholic">{{Cite web |title=St. Elizabeth |url=https://www.catholic.org/saints/saint_id=738 |website=Catholic Online |access-date=2025-11-14}}</ref> | ||
* | * Announced pregnancy by Gabriel to Zachary (Luke 1:13).<ref name="catholic"/> | ||
* | * Secluded five months after conception (Luke 1:24).<ref name="catholic"/> | ||
* | * Visitation by Mary; proclaimed her blessed (Luke 1:39–45).<ref name="newadvent"/> | ||
* | * Gave birth to John the Baptist (Luke 1:57).<ref name="newadvent"/> | ||
=== Significant locations === | === Significant locations === | ||
| Line 91: | Line 89: | ||
=== Parishes === | === Parishes === | ||
{{Saint parish map|Where=Saint Elizabeth | {{Saint parish map|Where=Saint Elizabeth|zoom=7|Saint=Saint Elizabeth}} | ||
=== Media === | === Media === | ||
{{Saint media|Where=Saint Elizabeth | {{Saint media|Where=Saint Elizabeth}} | ||
=== Shrines === | === Shrines === | ||
==== Dynamic shrines ==== | ==== Dynamic shrines ==== | ||
{{Saint shrines|Where=Saint Elizabeth | {{Saint shrines|Where=Saint Elizabeth}} | ||
==== List of shrines ==== | ==== List of shrines ==== | ||
===== | ===== Church of the Visitation ===== | ||
* | * Basilica built on the traditional Visitation site in 1955, designated under Canon 1230 by the Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem for Marian and prophetic devotions, offering sacraments, relic veneration, and annual May 31 feasts with processions. | ||
* Pilgrimage details: | * Pilgrimage details: Ein Karem, Jerusalem 9103400, Israel; founded 1955 on 12th-century site; features Magnificat inscription, plenary indulgences on feast; Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem. | ||
* Facts: "Site of | * Facts: "Site of Elizabeth's greeting to Mary; hilltop chapel overlooks valley." | ||
===== | ===== Church of Saint John the Baptist, Ein Karem ===== | ||
* | * Franciscan church over John's birthplace, qualifying under Canon 1230 as a pilgrimage site for forerunner family devotions, with cave chapel and annual June 24 baptisms. | ||
* Pilgrimage details: | * Pilgrimage details: Ein Karem, Jerusalem 9103400, Israel; 17th century; feasts; Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem. | ||
* Facts: " | * Facts: "Elizabeth's home tradition; spring waters linked to her seclusion." | ||
===== St. Elizabeth Church, Cleveland ===== | |||
* U.S. parish dedicated to her, serving as a diocesan shrine under Canon 1230 by the Diocese of Cleveland for expectant mother novenas and family Masses. | |||
* Pilgrimage details: 3232 Saywell Ave, Cleveland, OH 44109, United States; 20th century; November 5 liturgies; Diocese of Cleveland. | |||
* Facts: "Hosts maternity blessings; reflects American immigrant devotion." | |||
===== St. Elizabeth Church, | |||
* U.S. parish | |||
* Pilgrimage details: | |||
* Facts: "Hosts | |||
== Canonization == | == Canonization == | ||
=== Servant of God === | === Servant of God === | ||
As a biblical figure, no formal Servant of God stage applies; veneration began in the apostolic era. | |||
=== Venerable === | === Venerable === | ||
Not applicable. | |||
=== Beatification === | === Beatification === | ||
No beatification; recognized in early martyrologies. | |||
=== Canonization === | === Canonization === | ||
Canonized | Canonized through ancient recognition by the universal Church, with inclusion in the Roman Martyrology by the 4th century. | ||
== Miracles == | == Miracles == | ||
As a biblical saint, no authenticated miracles were required; her conception is the primary prodigy (Luke 1:7, 13).<ref name="newadvent"/> Traditions attribute graces to her intercession for motherhood. | |||
=== Miracle for beatification === | === Miracle for beatification === | ||
Not applicable. | |||
=== Miracle for canonization === | === Miracle for canonization === | ||
Not applicable. | |||
=== Other notable miracles === | === Other notable miracles === | ||
* | * Miraculous conception in old age.<ref name="catholic"/> | ||
* | * John's leap at Christ's presence (Luke 1:41).<ref name="newadvent"/> | ||
== Patronage == | == Patronage == | ||
Saint Elizabeth | Saint Elizabeth is the patron saint of expectant mothers and women in labor. | ||
== Feast day == | == Feast day == | ||
November | November 05 | ||
== Veneration == | == Veneration == | ||
Saint Elizabeth | Saint Elizabeth is venerated through Visitation novenas and pilgrimages to Ein Karem. Relics are unavailable. Saint Elizabeth has been depicted in numerous artworks, including Visitation paintings. Literature and media often portray Saint Elizabeth in Gospel harmonies. Relics and shrines dedicated to Saint Elizabeth are significant pilgrimage sites, influencing cultural or religious events such as Ein Karem feasts. | ||
== Books == | == Books == | ||
=== Written about the saint === | === Written about the saint === | ||
* [https://www.amazon.com/Elizabeth- | * [https://www.amazon.com/Elizabeth-Mother-John-Baptist/dp/0819811841 ''Elizabeth: Mother of John the Baptist''] | ||
=== Written by the saint === | === Written by the saint === | ||
No writings attributed to Saint Elizabeth | No writings attributed to Saint Elizabeth. | ||
== External links == | == External links == | ||
* [https://www.catholic.org/saints/saint.php?saint_id= | * [https://www.catholic.org/saints/saint.php?saint_id=738 Catholic Online: St. Elizabeth] | ||
* [https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/ | * [https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05386a.htm New Advent: St. Elizabeth] | ||
* [https://www.franciscanmedia.org/saint-of-the-day/saint-elizabeth-of- | * [https://www.franciscanmedia.org/saint-of-the-day/saint-elizabeth-of-the-holy-scripture/ Franciscan Media: St. Elizabeth] | ||
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ | * [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_(biblical_figure) Wikipedia: Elizabeth (biblical figure)] | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
{{Reflist}} | {{Reflist}} | ||