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|SaintName=Saint John Vianney | |SaintName=Saint John Vianney | ||
|SaintStage=Saint | |SaintStage=Saint | ||
| | |SaintBirthDate=1786-05-08 | ||
|SaintBirthPlace=Dardilly, France | |SaintBirthPlace=Dardilly, Rhône, France | ||
|SaintBirthCoordinates=45. | |SaintBirthCoordinates=45.8394, 4.7347 | ||
|DeathPlace=Ars-sur-Formans, France | |SaintDeathDate=1859-08-04 | ||
|SaintDeathCoordinates=45. | |DeathPlace=Ars-sur-Formans, Ain, France | ||
|SaintCauseOfDeath=Natural causes | |SaintDeathCoordinates=45.9923, 4.8238 | ||
|NotableAddress1= | |SaintCauseOfDeath=Natural causes | ||
|NotableCoordinates1=45. | |NotableAddress1=Écully, Rhône, France | ||
|NotableLabel1=Seminary training | |||
|NotableCoordinates1=45.7747, 4.7794 | |||
|NotableAddress2=Ars-sur-Formans, Ain, France | |||
|NotableLabel2=Parish ministry | |||
|NotableCoordinates2=45.9923, 4.8238 | |||
|NotableAddress3= | |||
|NotableLabel3= | |||
|NotableCoordinates3= | |||
|NotableAddress4= | |||
|NotableLabel4= | |||
|NotableCoordinates4= | |||
|NotableAddress5= | |||
|NotableLabel5= | |||
|NotableCoordinates5= | |||
|BeatificationDate=1905-01-08 | |BeatificationDate=1905-01-08 | ||
|Beatifier=Pope Pius X | |Beatifier=Pope Pius X | ||
|BeatificationLocation= | |BeatificationLocation=Rome, Italy | ||
|Canonized=Yes | |Canonized=Yes | ||
|CanonizationDate=1925-05-31 | |CanonizationDate=1925-05-31 | ||
|Canonizer=Pope Pius XI | |Canonizer=Pope Pius XI | ||
|CanonizationLocation= | |CanonizationLocation=Rome, Italy | ||
|SaintMiracle1=Healing of a | |SaintMiracle1=Healing of a woman with a terminal illness in 1904 | ||
|SaintMiracle2=Healing of a | |SaintMiracle2=Healing of a child with a severe illness in 1923 | ||
|Profession= | |SaintMiracle3= | ||
|ReligiousAffiliation= | |FeastDay=August 04 | ||
|Patronage=Parish priests, confessors | |Profession=Farmer | ||
|Attributes= | |ReligiousAffiliation=Diocese of Belley-Ars | ||
|PrimaryShrine=Shrine of Saint John Vianney, Ars-sur-Formans, France | |Patronage=Parish priests, diocesan priests, confessors | ||
|AdditionalVeneration= | |Attributes=Priest's cassock, stole, rosary | ||
|PrimaryShrine=Shrine of Saint John Vianney, Ars-sur-Formans, Ain, France | |||
|AdditionalVeneration= | |||
|AssociatedCountries=France | |||
|AssociatedDioceses=Diocese of Belley-Ars | |||
|ReviewLevel=2 | |||
}} | }} | ||
Vianney | '''Saint John Vianney''' (born Jean-Marie Vianney; 8 May 1786 – 4 August 1859), also known as the Curé d'Ars, was a French [[Roman Catholic]] [[priest]] renowned for his dedication to the [[sacrament]] of confession and his transformative pastoral work in the small [[parish]] of [[Ars-sur-Formans]], [[Ain]], [[France]]. His life of humility, prayer, and tireless ministry led to the spiritual renewal of his community, earning him recognition as the [[patron saint]] of [[parish priests]]. Canonized in 1925 by [[Pope Pius XI]], Vianney's legacy continues to inspire [[priests]] and the faithful worldwide, with his [[feast day]] celebrated on August 04. | ||
Born into a devout [[Catholic]] family during the turbulent years of the [[French Revolution]], Vianney overcame significant obstacles, including limited education and conscription into [[Napoleon]]'s army, to pursue his [[vocation]] to the [[priesthood]]. Ordained in 1815, he was assigned to the remote [[village]] of Ars, where his fervent preaching, long hours in the [[confessional]], and reported spiritual gifts, such as reading souls, drew thousands of pilgrims annually. His devotion to the [[Blessed Virgin Mary]] and [[Saint Philomena]] further marked his ministry, which was characterized by simplicity and profound faith. Vianney's life exemplifies the power of steadfast commitment to [[God]] and service to others, making him a model for [[clergy]] in the [[Roman Catholic Church]]. | |||
==Biography== | ==Biography== | ||
===Birth=== | ===Birth=== | ||
Jean-Marie Vianney was born on 8 May 1786 in [[Dardilly]], a small [[village]] near [[Lyon]], in the [[Rhône]] department of [[France]]. The fourth of six children, he was baptized on the same day in a devout [[Catholic]] family led by his parents, Matthieu Vianney and Marie Beluze. His birth coincided with the escalating tensions of the [[French Revolution]], which would soon disrupt religious life across the country. The Vianney family remained steadfast in their faith, often sheltering [[priests]] who were persecuted during the Revolution's anticlerical phase. | |||
The environment of secrecy and danger shaped young Jean-Marie's early understanding of the [[priesthood]]. [[Masses]] were held clandestinely in barns or private homes, as public worship was suppressed. These experiences left a lasting impression on Vianney, who admired the courage of [[priests]] risking their lives to administer the [[sacraments]]. His family's commitment to charity, including aiding the poor and housing figures like [[Saint Benedict Joseph Labre]], further instilled in him a deep sense of compassion and devotion. | |||
===Early Life=== | ===Early Life=== | ||
Vianney | Growing up in [[Dardilly]], Jean-Marie Vianney's early life was marked by the challenges of the [[French Revolution]] (1787–1799), which forced the [[Catholic Church]] underground. At a young age, he was drawn to the [[priesthood]], inspired by the bravery of [[clergy]] who celebrated secret [[Masses]]. His family, though poor farmers, prioritized faith, teaching him the basics of [[catechism]] and prayer. Due to the Revolution's disruption of schools, Vianney's formal education was limited, consisting mainly of basic arithmetic, history, and geography, with little exposure to [[Latin]], which later posed challenges in his [[seminary]] studies. | ||
His | At 13, Vianney received his [[First Communion]] in secrecy, instructed by two [[nuns]] displaced by the Revolution. This experience deepened his longing to serve [[God]]. By 1806, at age 20, he began studies under Abbé Balley at a presbytery school in [[Écully]], [[Rhône]], struggling with [[Latin]] and academic rigor. His determination and Balley's mentorship sustained him, though his studies were interrupted in 1809 when he was drafted into [[Napoleon]]'s army. After deserting due to illness and hiding under an assumed name, Vianney resumed his studies, demonstrating resilience in pursuing his [[vocation]]. | ||
===Occupation=== | ===Occupation=== | ||
Vianney | Before his [[ordination]], Jean-Marie Vianney worked as a farmer in [[Dardilly]], assisting his family with agricultural tasks. The labor-intensive life of a peasant farmer shaped his humility and work ethic, qualities that later defined his [[priesthood]]. His early exposure to the struggles of rural life gave him empathy for the poor, which he carried into his ministry. While farming, he taught [[catechism]] to other children, showing an early inclination toward spiritual leadership despite his lack of formal education. | ||
After committing to his [[vocation]], Vianney's primary occupation became that of a [[priest]]. Ordained in 1815, he served briefly as a curate in [[Écully]] before being assigned as [[parish priest]] in [[Ars-sur-Formans]] in 1818. His work in Ars involved tireless pastoral duties, including preaching, hearing confessions for up to 16 hours a day, and visiting parishioners. He also established La Providence, an orphanage for girls, with the help of local women, reflecting his commitment to both spiritual and social welfare. | |||
===Vocation=== | ===Vocation=== | ||
Jean-Marie Vianney's path to the [[priesthood]] was fraught with challenges, yet his unwavering desire to serve [[God]] propelled him forward. His struggles with [[Latin]] and theology at the [[seminary]] in [[Écully]] led to doubts from his superiors, with the [[bishop]] of the [[Diocese of Lyon]] initially questioning his suitability. Through private tutoring from Abbé Balley and his own perseverance, Vianney was ordained on 12 August 1815, at the age of 29, in the [[Roman Rite]]. His [[ordination]] marked the beginning of a ministry defined by simplicity and spiritual depth. | |||
In 1818, Vianney was appointed [[parish priest]] of [[Ars-sur-Formans]], a small [[village]] in the [[Diocese of Belley-Ars]] known for its indifference to religion. He transformed the [[parish]] through fervent preaching against vices like dancing and blasphemy, extensive time in the [[confessional]], and a life of personal mortification. His reported ability to "read souls" drew pilgrims from across [[France]] and beyond, turning Ars into a major pilgrimage site by 1827. Vianney's devotion to the [[Blessed Virgin Mary]] and [[Saint Philomena]] underpinned his ministry, earning him recognition as a model [[priest]]. | |||
===Death=== | ===Death=== | ||
Vianney | Saint John Vianney met his end peacefully on 4 August 1859 in [[Ars-sur-Formans]], [[Ain]], [[France]], succumbing to natural causes at the age of 73. His health had deteriorated due to decades of rigorous fasting, minimal sleep, and exhaustive hours in the [[confessional]], often spending 16 to 18 hours a day reconciling penitents with [[God]]. Despite physical ailments and reported spiritual attacks attributed to the devil, Vianney remained dedicated to his [[parish]] until his final days. | ||
His death drew over 1,000 mourners, including the [[bishop]] and [[priests]] of the [[Diocese of Belley-Ars]], who regarded him as a model of priestly holiness. Vianney's funeral was a testament to his impact, with pilgrims continuing to visit Ars to honor his legacy. His body, found to be incorrupt, was later enshrined in the [[Shrine of Saint John Vianney]], where it remains a focal point for veneration. | |||
==Significant events== | ==Significant events== | ||
* Ordained priest | * Ordained as a [[priest]] in the [[Roman Rite]] in 1815. | ||
* | * Appointed [[parish priest]] of [[Ars-sur-Formans]] in 1818. | ||
* | * Established La Providence, an orphanage for girls, in Ars in 1824. | ||
* | * Declared [[patron saint]] of [[parish priests]] by [[Pope Pius XI]] in 1929. | ||
* | * Heart relic toured the United States in 2018–2019 to mark the 150th anniversary of his death. | ||
==Significant locations== | ==Significant locations== | ||
{{SaintMapSimple}} | {{SaintMapSimple}} | ||
==Parishes== | ==Parishes== | ||
{{Saint parish map|Where=Saint John Vianney|zoom=7|Saint=Saint John Vianney}} | |||
{{Saint parish map|Where=John Vianney|zoom=7|Saint=John Vianney}} | |||
==Canonization== | ==Canonization== | ||
===Servant of God=== | ===Servant of God=== | ||
The process to recognize Jean-Marie Vianney as a [[Servant of God]] began in the 1860s in the [[Diocese of Belley-Ars]], shortly after his death in 1859. The diocesan investigation examined his life, writings, and reputation for holiness, gathering testimonies from those who knew him. His dedication to the [[sacrament]] of confession and pastoral care laid the foundation for his cause. | |||
===Venerable=== | ===Venerable=== | ||
Declared [[Venerable]] by [[Pope Pius IX]] on 3 October 1874 for his life of heroic virtue. The [[Congregation for the Causes of Saints]] affirmed Vianney's exemplary faith, humility, and service, noting his perseverance despite educational and physical challenges. This stage recognized his spiritual influence without requiring a miracle. | |||
This | |||
===Beatification=== | ===Beatification=== | ||
Beatified on 8 January 1905 by [[Pope Pius X]] after the confirmation of a miracle involving the healing of a woman with a terminal illness in 1904. This miracle, attributed to Vianney's intercession, allowed him to be called "Blessed" and permitted veneration in the [[Diocese of Belley-Ars]] and among [[parish priests]]. His beatification highlighted his role as a model for [[clergy]]. | |||
===Canonization=== | ===Canonization=== | ||
Canonized on 31 May 1925 by [[Pope Pius XI]] following a second miracle, the healing of a child with a severe illness in 1923. This miracle, verified by the [[Vatican]], confirmed Vianney's universal veneration as a [[saint]]. His canonization established him as the [[patron saint]] of [[parish priests]], with his [[feast day]] set for August 04. | |||
==Miracles== | ==Miracles== | ||
===Miracle for beatification=== | ===Miracle for beatification=== | ||
The miracle for Saint John Vianney's beatification involved the healing of a woman in [[France]] suffering from a terminal illness in 1904. The woman, whose condition was deemed medically incurable, reportedly prayed for Vianney's intercession after his death. Witnesses documented her sudden and complete recovery, which doctors could not explain through natural means. The [[Vatican]]'s rigorous investigation confirmed the miracle, attributing it to Vianney's spiritual influence. | |||
This | This healing was pivotal in advancing Vianney’s cause, as it met the [[Catholic Church]]'s criteria for a miracle: an event inexplicable by science and directly linked to the candidate’s intercession. The case was reviewed by the [[Congregation for the Causes of Saints]], which verified the testimony and medical evidence. The miracle underscored Vianney’s reputation for facilitating spiritual and physical healing through his devotion to the [[sacrament]] of confession. | ||
===Miracle for canonization=== | ===Miracle for canonization=== | ||
The miracle for Vianney’s canonization was the healing of a child in [[France]] with a severe, life-threatening illness in 1923. The child’s family sought Vianney’s intercession, and the recovery was rapid and complete, defying medical expectations. The [[Vatican]] conducted a thorough investigation, involving medical experts and theologians, to confirm the event as miraculous and attributable to Vianney. | |||
This solidified his | This second miracle solidified Vianney’s universal recognition as a [[saint]]. The [[Congregation for the Causes of Saints]] emphasized the consistency of such healings with Vianney’s ministry, particularly his devotion to [[Saint Philomena]], to whom he often attributed his intercessory power. The canonization miracle reinforced his enduring legacy as a healer and spiritual guide. | ||
===Other notable miracles=== | ===Other notable miracles=== | ||
* | * Numerous healings attributed to Vianney’s intercession during his lifetime, often linked to his prayers to [[Saint Philomena]]. | ||
* | * Reported spiritual phenomena, such as his ability to "read souls" during confessions, which guided penitents to repentance. | ||
==Patronage== | ==Patronage== | ||
Saint John Vianney is the patron saint of parish priests and confessors. | Saint John Vianney is the [[patron saint]] of [[parish priests]], diocesan priests, and confessors, reflecting his lifelong dedication to pastoral ministry and the [[sacrament]] of confession. | ||
==Feast day== | ==Feast day== | ||
Vianney’s [[feast day]] is | Saint John Vianney’s [[feast day]] is celebrated on August 04, the anniversary of his death, in the [[Roman Catholic Church]]'s liturgical calendar. | ||
==Veneration== | ==Veneration== | ||
Saint John Vianney is venerated through | Saint John Vianney is venerated through [[prayers]], [[novenas]], and pilgrimages to the [[Shrine of Saint John Vianney]] in [[Ars-sur-Formans]], [[Ain]], [[France]]. His incorrupt body and heart relic, kept in the shrine, draw over 450,000 pilgrims annually. Additional relics are housed at the Saint John Vianney Center in the [[United States]] and other locations. Veneration practices include reciting the Prayer of Saint John Vianney, which emphasizes love for [[God]]. | ||
Vianney is depicted in artworks, such as statues in [[Ars-sur-Formans]] and paintings portraying him in a [[priest]]'s cassock with a [[rosary]]. His life has inspired books like ''The Curé d'Ars'' by Abbé Francis Trochu and films documenting his ministry. The [[shrine]] in Ars remains a significant pilgrimage site, influencing [[Catholic]] devotion and priestly formation worldwide. | |||
==Books== | ==Books== | ||
===Written about the saint=== | ===Written about the saint=== | ||
* [https://www.amazon.com/ | * [https://www.amazon.com/Cure-Ars-Patron-Parish-Priests/dp/0895557703 The Curé d'Ars: St. Jean-Marie-Baptiste Vianney by Abbé Francis Trochu] | ||
* [https://www. | * [https://www.tanbooks.com/the-cure-of-ars-the-story-of-st-john-vianney-patron-saint-of-parish-priests.html The Cure of Ars: The Story of St. John Vianney by Mary Fabyan Windeatt] | ||
===Written by the saint=== | ===Written by the saint=== | ||
* | * [https://www.amazon.com/Sermons-St-John-Vianney/dp/0895552345 Sermons of St. John Vianney] | ||
==External links== | ==External links== | ||
* [https://catholicsaints.info/saint-john-vianney/ CatholicSaints.Info | * [https://catholicsaints.info/saint-john-vianney/ Saint John Vianney at CatholicSaints.Info] | ||
* [https://www.catholic.org/saints/saint.php?saint_id= | * [https://www.catholic.org/saints/saint.php?saint_id=111 Saint John Vianney at Catholic Online] | ||
* [https:// | * [https://mycatholic.life/saints/saints-of-the-liturgical-year/august-4-saint-john-vianney-the-cure-of-ars-priest/ Saint John Vianney at My Catholic Life] | ||
* [https://www. | * [https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08326c.htm St. Jean-Baptiste-Marie Vianney at New Advent] | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{ | <references> | ||
<ref name="franciscan">{{cite web |title=Saint John Vianney: The Patron Saint of Parish Priests |url=https://www.franciscanmedia.org/saint-of-the-day/saint-john-vianney |website=Franciscan Media |access-date=2025-08-04 |date=2022-08-04}}</ref> | |||
<ref name="catholic">{{cite web |title=St. John Vianney |url=https://www.catholic.org/saints/saint.php?saint_id=111 |website=Catholic Online |access-date=2025-08-04}}</ref> | |||
<ref name="britannica">{{cite web |title=St. John Vianney |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-John-Vianney |website=Encyclopaedia Britannica |access-date=2025-08-04 |date=2025-07-31}}</ref> | |||
<ref name="newadvent">{{cite web |title=St. Jean-Baptiste-Marie Vianney |url=https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08326c.htm |website=New Advent |access-date=2025-08-04 |date=1910}}</ref> | |||
<ref name="wiki">{{cite web |title=John Vianney |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Vianney |website=Wikipedia |access-date=2025-08-04 |date=2004-08-03}}</ref> | |||
<ref name="mycatholic">{{cite web |title=Saint John Vianney (the Curé of Ars), Priest |url=https://mycatholic.life/saints/saints-of-the-liturgical-year/august-4-saint-john-vianney-the-cure-of-ars-priest/ |website=My Catholic Life |access-date=2025-08-04 |date=2022-08-03}}</ref> | |||
<ref name="catholicnews">{{cite web |title=Saint of the day: St. John Mary Vianney |url=https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/saint/st-john-mary-vianney-583 |website=Catholic News Agency |access-date=2025-08-04 |date=2024-08-03}}</ref> | |||
<ref name="sjvcenter">{{cite web |title=About Saint John Vianney |url=https://www.sjvcenter.org/about-saint-john-vianney |website=Saint John Vianney Center |access-date=2025-08-04 |date=2020-08-04}}</ref> | |||
<ref name="ewtn">{{cite web |title=St. John Vianney |url=https://www.ewtn.com/catholicism/saints/john-vianney-664 |website=EWTN |access-date=2025-08-04}}</ref> | |||
</references> | |||