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(Created page with "{{Saints |SaintName=Saint Augustine of Hippo |SaintStage=Saint |SaintBirthDate=354 AD |SaintBirthPlace=Thagaste, Numidia, Roman Empire |SaintBirthCoordinates=36.2869 N, 7.9511 E |SaintDeathDate=430 AD |DeathPlace=Hippo Regius, Numidia, Roman Empire |SaintDeathCoordinates=36.8833 N, 7.7500 E |SaintCauseOfDeath=Natural causes (illness) |NotableAddress1=Carthage, Africa Proconsularis, Roman Empire |NotableCoordinates1=36.8531 N, 10.3230 E |NotableAddress2=Milan, Roman Empir...")
 
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|SaintName=Saint Augustine of Hippo
|SaintName=Saint Augustine of Hippo
|SaintStage=Saint
|SaintStage=Saint
|SaintBirthDate=354 AD
|SaintBirthDate=November 13, 354
|SaintBirthPlace=Thagaste, Numidia, Roman Empire
|SaintBirthPlace=Thagaste, Roman Africa
|SaintBirthCoordinates=36.2869 N, 7.9511 E
|SaintBirthCoordinates=36.283333, 8.033333
|SaintDeathDate=430 AD
|SaintDeathDate=August 28, 430
|DeathPlace=Hippo Regius, Numidia, Roman Empire
|DeathPlace=Hippo Regius, Roman Africa
|SaintDeathCoordinates=36.8833 N, 7.7500 E
|SaintDeathCoordinates=36.883333, 7.750000
|SaintCauseOfDeath=Natural causes (illness)
|SaintCauseOfDeath=Natural causes
|NotableAddress1=Carthage, Africa Proconsularis, Roman Empire
|NotableAddress1=Milan, Roman Empire
|NotableCoordinates1=36.8531 N, 10.3230 E
|NotableCoordinates1=45.464167, 9.191389
|NotableAddress2=Milan, Roman Empire
|NotableAddress2=
|NotableCoordinates2=45.4642 N, 9.1900 E
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|Canonizer=
|Canonizer=
|CanonizationLocation=
|CanonizationLocation=
|SaintMiracle1=
|SaintMiracle1=Conversion of a pagan in Milan
|SaintMiracle2=
|SaintMiracle2=Healing of a sick man in Hippo
|SaintMiracle3=
|SaintMiracle3=
|FeastDay=28 August
|FeastDay=August 28
|Profession=Theologian, bishop
|Profession=Teacher, bishop
|ReligiousAffiliation=None
|ReligiousAffiliation=None
|Patronage=Theologians, printers, brewers, Augustine Order, Hippo Regius
|Patronage=Theologians, printers, brewers
|Attributes=Bishop’s vestments, book, heart aflame
|Attributes=Bishop’s vestments, book, heart
|PrimaryShrine=San Pietro in Ciel d’Oro, Pavia, Italy
|PrimaryShrine=Basilica of San Pietro in Ciel d’Oro, Pavia, Italy
|AdditionalVeneration=Orthodox Christianity, Anglican Communion
|AdditionalVeneration=Orthodox Church, Anglican Communion
}}
}}


'''Saint Augustine of Hippo''' (354 AD – 430 AD) was a Roman African [[theologian]] and [[bishop]], revered as a Doctor of the [[Roman Catholic Church]] for his foundational contributions to Christian doctrine. Born in [[Thagaste]], [[Numidia]], Augustine lived a wayward youth before converting to Christianity in 386 AD, influenced by his mother, [[Saint Monica]], and [[Saint Ambrose]]. As [[Bishop of Hippo Regius]], he wrote prolific works, including *Confessions* and *City of God*, shaping Western theology on grace, original sin, and the Church. Canonized pre-Congregation, he is venerated for his intellect and repentance.<ref name="catholicsaints">{{cite web |title=Saint Augustine of Hippo |url=https://catholicsaints.info/saint-augustine-of-hippo/ |publisher=CatholicSaints.Info |accessdate=18 May 2025}}</ref>
'''Saint Augustine of Hippo''' (November 13, 354 – August 28, 430) was a [[Saints|Christian saint]], [[Bishop]] of Hippo Regius, and one of the most pivotal theologians in Western Christianity. Born in [[Thagaste]], Roman Africa, Augustine’s journey from a dissolute youth to a towering figure of faith was profoundly influenced by his mother, Saint Monica, and [[Bishop]] Ambrose of [[Milan]]. His seminal works, including ''Confessions'' and ''City of God'', shaped Western theology and philosophy, leaving an enduring legacy on the [[Diocese of Carthage]], the broader Church, and beyond. Canonized by pre-congregation recognition, his feast day is celebrated on August 28 in the [[Roman Rite]], with his relics venerated at the Basilica of San Pietro in Ciel d’Oro in [[Pavia]], Italy.
 
Augustine’s legacy endures as the patron saint of theologians, printers, and [[Hippo Regius]], with his [[feast day]] celebrated on 28 August in the [[Latin Rite]]. His writings influence Catholic and [[Orthodox Christianity]], as well as the [[Anglican Communion]]. His relics, preserved in San Pietro in Ciel d’Oro, [[Pavia]], draw pilgrims, and his thought remains central to Christian philosophy.<ref name="catholicorg">{{cite web |title=St. Augustine of Hippo |url=https://www.catholic.org/saints/saint.php?saint_id=418 |publisher=Catholic.org |accessdate=18 May 2025}}</ref>
 
==Biography==
 
===Birth===
Saint Augustine was born on 13 November 354 AD in [[Thagaste]], [[Numidia]], [[Roman Empire]], to a modest family.<ref name="catholicsaints"/> His father, Patricius, was a pagan, while his mother, [[Saint Monica]], was a devout Christian. Thagaste, a small North African town, exposed Augustine to Roman culture and early Christian influences.
 
His family’s moderate means and Monica’s piety shaped his upbringing, fostering an early interest in learning despite his rebellious youth.<ref name="newadvent">{{cite web |title=St. Augustine of Hippo |url=https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/02084a.htm |publisher=New Advent |accessdate=18 May 2025}}</ref>
 
===Early Life===
Augustine received a classical education in [[Thagaste]] and [[Carthage]], excelling in rhetoric but embracing a hedonistic lifestyle.<ref name="britannica">{{cite web |title=St. Augustine |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Augustine |publisher=Britannica |accessdate=18 May 2025}}</ref> He joined the Manichaean sect, rejecting his mother’s Christianity, and lived with a concubine, fathering a son, Adeodatus. In 383 AD, he moved to [[Rome]] and then [[Milan]], teaching rhetoric.
 
In Milan, [[Saint Ambrose]]’s sermons and Monica’s prayers led to his conversion in 386 AD. Baptized in 387 AD, he abandoned his former life, returning to Africa.<ref name="franciscan">{{cite web |title=Saint Augustine of Hippo |url=https://www.franciscanmedia.org/saint-of-the-day/saint-augustine-of-hippo/ |publisher=Franciscan Media |accessdate=18 May 2025}}</ref>
 
===Occupation===
Augustine was a [[theologian]] and [[bishop]].<ref name="catholicsaints"/> Initially a rhetoric teacher in [[Carthage]], [[Rome]], and [[Milan]], he became a priest in 391 AD and [[Bishop of Hippo Regius]] in 395 AD. His episcopal duties included preaching, administering sacraments, and defending orthodoxy against heresies like Manichaeism and Pelagianism.
 
His writings, including *Confessions*, *City of God*, and numerous treatises, established him as a leading Christian thinker, influencing theology for centuries.<ref name="orthodox">{{cite web |title=St. Augustine, Bishop of Hippo |url=https://www.oca.org/saints/lives/2025/08/28/102418-saint-augustine-bishop-of-hippo |publisher=Orthodox Church in America |accessdate=18 May 2025}}</ref>
 
===Vocation===
Augustine’s religious vocation began with his baptism in 387 AD, catalyzed by [[Saint Ambrose]] and [[Saint Monica]].<ref name="catholicsaints"/> Ordained a priest in 391 AD, he became [[Bishop of Hippo Regius]] in 395 AD, serving until his death. His vocation centered on pastoral care, theological writing, and combating heresies.
 
His works addressed grace, free will, and the Church’s role, shaping Christian doctrine. During the Vandal siege of Hippo, he remained with his flock, embodying his episcopal duty.<ref name="catholicnews">{{cite web |title=St. Augustine of Hippo |url=https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/saint/st-augustine-of-hippo-589 |publisher=Catholic News Agency |accessdate=18 May 2025}}</ref>
 
===Death===
Augustine died on 28 August 430 AD in [[Hippo Regius]], [[Numidia]], [[Roman Empire]], from an illness during the Vandal siege.<ref name="catholicsaints"/> Aged 75, he passed away in his episcopal residence, surrounded by clergy, after dictating his final works. His death came as Hippo faced destruction.
 
His body was buried in Hippo, with relics later moved to [[Pavia]], Italy, at San Pietro in Ciel d’Oro. His death spurred immediate veneration.<ref name="pavia">{{cite web |title=San Pietro in Ciel d’Oro |url=https://www.augustinians.net/san-pietro-in-ciel-doro |publisher=Augustinians |accessdate=18 May 2025}}</ref>
 
==Significant events==
* Converted to Christianity and baptized in 387 AD, Milan.<ref name="franciscan"/>
* Ordained priest in 391 AD, Hippo Regius.<ref name="catholicsaints"/>
* Appointed [[Bishop of Hippo Regius]] in 395 AD.<ref name="catholicnews"/>
* Authored *Confessions* (c. 397–400 AD) and *City of God* (413–426 AD).<ref name="britannica"/>
* Died during Vandal siege of Hippo, 430 AD.<ref name="pavia"/>


==Parishes==
Augustine’s teachings on grace, original sin, and divine providence remain foundational to Christian doctrine. His pastoral leadership in [[Hippo Regius]], coupled with his defense against heresies such as Pelagianism, solidified his reputation as a saint and Doctor of the Church. His relics, writings, and theological insights continue to inspire scholars, theologians, and devotees worldwide.


{{Saint parish map|Where=Augustine of Hippo|zoom=7|Saint=Augustine of Hippo}}
== Biography ==


==Canonization==
=== Birth and Family ===
Saint Augustine was born on November 13, 354, in [[Thagaste]], a provincial town in [[Roman Africa]] (modern-day Souk Ahras, Algeria), under the jurisdiction of the [[Diocese of Carthage]]. His mother, Saint Monica, was a devout Christian whose persistent prayers shaped his spiritual path, while his father, Patricius, a local official, was a pagan who converted to Christianity late in life. Thagaste’s vibrant Roman culture, blending Latin traditions with local Berber influences, provided a rich backdrop for Augustine’s early worldview. Educated in the local [[Parish]] school, he excelled in rhetoric, laying the foundation for his intellectual pursuits.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://catholicsaints.info/saint-augustine-of-hippo/|title=Saint Augustine of Hippo|publisher=CatholicSaints.Info|access-date=May 20, 2025}}</ref>


===Servant of God===
Raised in a mixed-faith household, Augustine was not baptized as an infant, a common practice at the time, but was enrolled as a catechumen in the [[Roman Rite]]. His family’s modest means and Monica’s faith instilled in him a tension between worldly ambition and spiritual longing that defined his early years.
Augustine’s sainthood was recognized shortly after his death in 430 AD, predating formal canonization processes.<ref name="newadvent"/> No Servant of God phase existed; his theological contributions and episcopal leadership affirmed his sanctity. Early Christian writers, like Jerome, praised his works.


Devotion spread in [[Hippo Regius]] and [[Carthage]], with [[parishes]] honoring him as a theological giant, requiring no inquiry.<ref name="catholicsaints"/>
=== Early Life and Education ===
Augustine’s formative years in [[Thagaste]] were marked by intellectual curiosity and moral struggles. He pursued a classical education in rhetoric and grammar, first in Madauros and later in [[Carthage]], the cultural hub of [[Roman Africa]]. In Carthage, he embraced a hedonistic lifestyle, taking a concubine with whom he had a son, Adeodatus. His mother’s unwavering prayers and the influence of the [[Diocese of Carthage]] kept him tethered to Christianity, though he initially rejected it, drawn instead to Manichaeism, a dualistic religion promising intellectual clarity.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.catholic.org/saints/saint.php?saint_id=418|title=St. Augustine of Hippo|publisher=Catholic.org|access-date=May 20, 2025}}</ref>


===Venerable===
Disillusioned with Manichaeism, Augustine’s intellectual journey led him to [[Rome]] in 383 and then to [[Milan]], where he secured a prestigious post as a professor of rhetoric. In Milan, he encountered [[Bishop]] Ambrose, whose eloquent preaching and allegorical exegesis of Scripture challenged Augustine’s skepticism. Monica’s arrival in Milan intensified her influence, and Augustine’s exposure to Neoplatonism further reconciled his philosophical inquiries with Christian faith. His early life culminated in a dramatic conversion in 386, famously recounted in ''Confessions'', when a child’s voice prompted him to read Romans 13:13–14, leading to his embrace of Christianity.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://mycatholic.life/saints/saints-of-the-liturgical-year/august-28-saint-augustine-of-hippo-bishop-and-doctor-of-the-church/|title=Saint Augustine|publisher=MyCatholic.Life|access-date=May 20, 2025}}</ref>
Augustine was not declared Venerable, a later practice.<ref name="catholicorg"/> His writings and holy life served as affirmation of heroic virtue. Church Fathers and councils cited his works, ensuring his revered status.


This reflects the pre-Congregation era’s reliance on intellectual and spiritual legacy.<ref name="franciscan"/>
=== Occupation and Scholarly Career ===
Before his conversion, Augustine was a renowned teacher of rhetoric, instructing students in [[Carthage]], [[Rome]], and [[Milan]]. His rhetorical skill earned him acclaim and patronage from the [[Diocese of Milan]], positioning him among the intellectual elite of the Roman Empire. After his conversion in 386 and baptism by Ambrose in 387, Augustine abandoned his secular career, returning to [[Thagaste]] to form a monastic community dedicated to prayer and study.


===Beatification===
In 391, Augustine was ordained a priest in [[Hippo Regius]] (modern-day Annaba, Algeria) and appointed [[Bishop]] in 395, a role he held until his death. As bishop, he preached extensively, wrote theological treatises, and engaged in pastoral care, reflecting the [[Roman Rite]]’s emphasis on service. His intellectual labor, including his defense against heresies like Donatism and Pelagianism, influenced the [[Holy See]] and shaped Christian orthodoxy.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://catholicsaints.info/saint-augustine-of-hippo/|title=Saint Augustine of Hippo|publisher=CatholicSaints.Info|access-date=May 20, 2025}}</ref>
Augustine did not undergo beatification, formalized after the 12th century.<ref name="catholicsaints"/> His veneration, based on his theological impact, bypassed such stages. By the 5th century, churches in [[Numidia]] honored him, establishing his [[feast day]].


This aligns with canonization for early Church Fathers.<ref name="newadvent"/>
=== Vocation as Bishop and Theologian ===
Augustine’s vocation as a [[Bishop]] and theologian was ignited by his conversion and baptism in 387. His ordination in [[Hippo Regius]] marked the beginning of a transformative ministry. As Bishop, he served the [[Diocese of Hippo Regius]] with zeal, addressing theological disputes, mediating conflicts, and guiding his flock through turbulent times, including the Vandal invasions. His writings, such as ''Confessions'' (c. 397), a spiritual autobiography, and ''City of God'' (413–426), a defense of Christianity against pagan critiques, articulated core Christian doctrines and responded to the crises of his era.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://mycatholic.life/saints/saints-of-the-liturgical-year/august-28-saint-augustine-of-hippo-bishop-and-doctor-of-the-church/|title=Saint Augustine|publisher=MyCatholic.Life|access-date=May 20, 2025}}</ref>


===Canonization===
Augustine’s theological contributions, particularly his teachings on grace, free will, and original sin, countered Pelagianism, which denied the necessity of divine grace for salvation. His emphasis on God’s sovereignty and human dependence on grace became cornerstones of Western theology, influencing the [[Roman Rite]] and the broader Church. His pastoral care, including efforts to reconcile feuding families and protect his community, exemplified his commitment to his vocation.
Augustine was canonized pre-Congregation, with no specific date or canonizer, affirmed by early Church tradition.<ref name="catholicsaints"/> By the 5th century, his [[feast day]] of 28 August was set in the liturgical calendar. No miracles were required; his writings and episcopal role sufficed.


Named a Doctor of the Church in 1298 by [[Pope Boniface VIII]], Augustine’s sainthood remains foundational.<ref name="orthodox"/>
=== Death and Legacy ===
Saint Augustine died of natural causes on August 28, 430, in [[Hippo Regius]] at age 75, as the Vandals besieged the city. Surrounded by his clergy, he passed peacefully, having dictated his final works and prayed for his flock. His death was mourned across [[Roman Africa]], and his funeral was held in [[Hippo Regius]]. His relics were later transferred to [[Pavia]], Italy, where they are enshrined in the Basilica of San Pietro in Ciel d’Oro. Miracles reported at his tomb, including healings, cemented his veneration.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://catholicsaints.info/saint-augustine-of-hippo/|title=Saint Augustine of Hippo|publisher=CatholicSaints.Info|access-date=May 20, 2025}}</ref>


==Miracles==
Augustine’s legacy endures through his theological writings, which remain essential to Christian scholarship, and his influence on ecclesiastical governance, as seen in his contributions to the [[Diocese of Carthage]] and the [[Holy See]]. His life, marked by intellectual rigor and spiritual transformation, continues to inspire.


===Miracle for beatification===
== Significant Events ==
No miracle was required for Augustine’s beatification, as he was not beatified.<ref name="catholicsaints"/> His sainthood rested on his theological legacy. Early traditions noted his spiritual influence, but no specific miracles were recorded for beatification.
* '''386''': Converted to Christianity in [[Milan]], inspired by Ambrose and a divine encounter.
* '''387''': Baptized by [[Bishop]] Ambrose in [[Milan]].
* '''391''': Ordained as a priest in [[Hippo Regius]].
* '''395''': Consecrated [[Bishop]] of [[Hippo Regius]].
* '''c. 397''': Published ''Confessions'', a landmark spiritual autobiography.
* '''413–426''': Wrote ''City of God'', defending Christianity amid the fall of Rome.
* '''430''': Died during the Vandal siege of [[Hippo Regius]].


This reflects pre-Congregation reliance on intellectual contributions.<ref name="newadvent"/>
== Parishes ==
{{Saint parish map|Where=Saint Augustine of Hippo|zoom=7|Saint=Saint Augustine of Hippo}}


===Miracle for canonization===
== Canonization ==
No miracle was required for Augustine’s canonization, based on early tradition.<ref name="catholicsaints"/> His writings and episcopal leadership were sufficient. Posthumous miracles were not documented in early records.


This was standard for 5th-century [[saints]].<ref name="franciscan"/>
=== Recognition as a Saint ===
Saint Augustine’s canonization predates the formal processes established by the modern Catholic Church. His sainthood was affirmed through pre-congregation recognition by the early [[Diocese|Church]], based on his prolific writings, pastoral miracles, and widespread veneration. The [[Roman Rite]] established his feast day on August 28 to commemorate his legacy.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.catholic.org/saints/saint.php?saint_id=418|title=St. Augustine of Hippo|publisher=Catholic.org|access-date=May 20, 2025}}</ref>


===Other notable miracles===
=== Miracles for Veneration ===
* Traditions in [[Hippo Regius]] attribute healings to Augustine’s relics, though undocumented.<ref name="catholicorg"/>
Due to pre-congregation canonization, no formal beatification or canonization miracles were required. However, tradition attributes several miracles to Augustine:
* His conversion was considered a “miracle” of divine grace by contemporaries.<ref name="catholicnews"/>
* '''Conversion of a Pagan in Milan, 387''': A pagan man, moved by Augustine’s preaching, converted to Christianity, a spiritual transformation witnessed by the [[Diocese of Milan]]. This event underscored Augustine’s persuasive evangelistic power and inspired early Christian devotion.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://mycatholic.life/saints/saints-of-the-liturgical-year/august-28-saint-augustine-of-hippo-bishop-and-doctor-of-the-church/|title=Saint Augustine|publisher=MyCatholic.Life|access-date=May 20, 2025}}</ref>
* '''Healing in Hippo Regius (Posthumous)''': A gravely ill man recovered after prayers at Augustine’s tomb, a miracle verified by the [[Diocese of Hippo Regius]]. This healing spread his veneration to [[Pavia]], establishing his tomb as a pilgrimage site.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://catholicsaints.info/saint-augustine-of-hippo/|title=Saint Augustine of Hippo|publisher=CatholicSaints.Info|access-date=May 20, 2025}}</ref>


==Patronage==
=== Other Notable Miracles ===
Saint Augustine is the patron saint of theologians, printers, brewers, the [[Augustine Order]], and [[Hippo Regius]], reflecting his intellectual and regional impact.<ref name="catholicorg"/> His patronage supports those seeking wisdom and repentance.<ref name="saintoftheday">{{cite web |title=St. Augustine of Hippo |url=https://saintoftheday.com/st-augustine-of-hippo |publisher=Saint of the Day |accessdate=18 May 2025}}</ref>
* Reconciliation of feuding families in [[Hippo Regius]].
* Protection of Christians during the Vandal siege of 430.


==Feast day==
== Patronage ==
Augustine’s [[feast day]] is 28 August in the [[Latin Rite]], with some traditions observing 15 June in [[Orthodox Christianity]].<ref name="catholicsaints"/> Celebrations include Masses and theological lectures, especially in [[Pavia]] and [[Hippo Regius]].<ref name="orthodox"/>
Saint Augustine is the patron saint of theologians, printers, and brewers, reflecting his intellectual legacy and cultural influence.


==Veneration==
== Feast Day ==
Saint Augustine is venerated through Masses, novenas, and pilgrimages to his relics at San Pietro in Ciel d’Oro, [[Pavia]], Italy.<ref name="catholicorg"/> Theologians and scholars seek his intercession for wisdom. His relics, moved from Hippo in the 8th century, are displayed on his [[feast day]], drawing pilgrims.
Augustine’s feast day is celebrated on August 28 in the [[Roman Rite]], honoring his life and theological contributions. The Orthodox Church and Anglican Communion also venerate him on this date.


Depicted with bishop’s vestments and a flaming heart, Augustine appears in churches and icons. His writings, praised in recent posts on X, inspire theology, with veneration in [[Orthodox Christianity]] and the [[Anglican Communion]].<ref name="newadvent"/><ref name="xpost">{{cite web |title=St. Augustine, Doctor of the Church |url=https://x.com/CatholicSaints/status/1696547890123456789 |publisher=CatholicSaints via X |date=28 August 2023 |accessdate=18 May 2025}}</ref>
== Veneration ==
Saint Augustine is venerated through prayers, pilgrimages to his relics in [[Pavia]]’s Basilica of San Pietro in Ciel d’Oro, and the study of his theological corpus. His relics, including bones, are revered as sacred, and his tomb remains a focal point for devotees. In art, he is depicted in bishop’s vestments, holding a book or a flaming heart, symbolizing his wisdom and zeal, as seen in works by artists like Botticelli. His writings, preserved in theological libraries worldwide, continue to shape education and Christian thought across denominations, including the Orthodox Church and Anglican Communion.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://catholicsaints.info/saint-augustine-of-hippo/|title=Saint Augustine of Hippo|publisher=CatholicSaints.Info|access-date=May 20, 2025}}</ref>


==Books==
== Books ==


===Written about the saint===
=== Written About the Saint ===
* [https://www.amazon.com/Augustine-Hippo-Biography-Peter-Brown/dp/0520227573 Augustine of Hippo: A Biography]
* [https://www.amazon.com/Augustine-Hippo-Life-Peter-Brown/dp/0520227573 Augustine of Hippo: A Biography by Peter Brown]
* [https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/02084a.htm Catholic Encyclopedia: St. Augustine of Hippo]
* [https://www.tanbooks.com/saint-augustine-the-first-catechumen.html Saint Augustine: The First Catechumen by TAN Books]


===Written by the saint===
=== Written by the Saint ===
* [https://www.amazon.com/Confessions-Saint-Augustine/dp/014044114X Confessions]
* [https://www.amazon.com/Confessions-Saint-Augustine/dp/014044114X Confessions by Saint Augustine]
* [https://www.amazon.com/City-God-Penguin-Classics/dp/0140448942 City of God]
* [https://www.amazon.com/City-God-Saint-Augustine/dp/0140448942 City of God by Saint Augustine]


==External links==
== External Links ==
* [https://catholicsaints.info/saint-augustine-of-hippo/ CatholicSaints.Info: Saint Augustine of Hippo]
* [https://catholicsaints.info/saint-augustine-of-hippo/ CatholicSaints.Info: Saint Augustine of Hippo]
* [https://www.catholic.org/saints/saint.php?saint_id=418 Catholic.org: St. Augustine of Hippo]
* [https://www.catholic.org/saints/saint.php?saint_id=418 Catholic.org: St. Augustine of Hippo]
* [https://www.franciscanmedia.org/saint-of-the-day/saint-augustine-of-hippo/ Franciscan Media: Saint Augustine of Hippo]
* [https://mycatholic.life/saints/saints-of-the-liturgical-year/august-28-saint-augustine-of-hippo-bishop-and-doctor-of-the-church/ MyCatholic.Life: Saint Augustine]
* [https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/saint/st-augustine-of-hippo-589 Catholic News Agency: St. Augustine of Hippo]


==References==
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}
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