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'''Saint Petronilla''' (d. end of 1st century or possibly 3rd century), also known as Aurelia Petronilla, was an early Christian [[Saints|saint]] venerated as a virgin and possibly a martyr in [[Rome]], [[Italy]]. Traditionally considered the daughter of St. Peter, modern scholarship suggests she was likely a convert or “spiritual daughter,” possibly linked to the Aurelii family through the Christian Flavii. Her tomb inscriptions and a 4th-century painting in the Catacomb of Domitilla confirm her veneration as a martyr, though legends claim she died naturally after a hunger strike to avoid marriage to a pagan king, Flaccus. Her relics, translated to [[St. Peter’s Basilica]] in 757, are housed in a dedicated chapel. Canonized through pre-Congregation processes, her feast day is [[May 31]].<ref name="CatholicEncyclopedia">{{cite web |title=St. Petronilla |url=https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/11781b.htm |website=Catholic Encyclopedia |publisher=New Advent |access-date=2025-05-12}}</ref><ref name="Wikipedia">{{cite web |title=Petronilla |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petronilla |website=Wikipedia |publisher=Wikimedia Foundation |access-date=2025-05-12}}</ref> | '''Saint Petronilla''' (d. end of 1st century or possibly 3rd century), also known as Aurelia Petronilla, was an early Christian [[Saints|saint]] venerated as a virgin and possibly a martyr in [[Rome]], [[Italy]]. Traditionally considered the daughter of St. Peter, modern scholarship suggests she was likely a convert or “spiritual daughter,” possibly linked to the Aurelii family through the Christian Flavii. Her tomb inscriptions and a 4th-century painting in the Catacomb of Domitilla confirm her veneration as a martyr, though legends claim she died naturally after a hunger strike to avoid marriage to a pagan king, Flaccus. Her relics, translated to [[St. Peter’s Basilica]] in 757, are housed in a dedicated chapel. Canonized through pre-Congregation processes, her feast day is [[May 31]].<ref name="CatholicEncyclopedia">{{cite web |title=St. Petronilla |url=https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/11781b.htm |website=Catholic Encyclopedia |publisher=New Advent |access-date=2025-05-12}}</ref><ref name="Wikipedia">{{cite web |title=Petronilla |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petronilla |website=Wikipedia |publisher=Wikimedia Foundation |access-date=2025-05-12}}</ref> | ||
Petronilla is patroness of the dauphins of France (due to a dolphin reportedly carved on her sarcophagus), mountain travelers, treaties between Popes and Frankish emperors, and against fever. Her cult is strong in [[Rome]] and France, marked by a May 31 Mass at St. Peter’s for French residents. | Petronilla is patroness of the dauphins of France (due to a dolphin reportedly carved on her sarcophagus), mountain travelers, treaties between Popes and Frankish emperors, and against fever. Her cult is strong in [[Rome]] and France, marked by a May 31 Mass at St. Peter’s for French residents. | ||
==Biography== | ==Biography== | ||
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===Early Life=== | ===Early Life=== | ||
Little is known of Petronilla’s early life. Traditionally viewed as St. Peter’s daughter, she is more likely a convert or follower, possibly cured of palsy by him. Apocryphal legends claim Peter locked her in a tower to protect her from suitors. Her association with Flavia Domitilla suggests a noble Christian background.<ref name="CatholicSaints" /><ref name="web1">{{cite web |title=Saint Petronilla, Virgin |url=https://sanctoral.com/en/saints/31_may.html |website=Sanctoral |publisher=Sanctoral |access-date=2025-05-12 |date=2024-05-30}}</ref> | Little is known of Petronilla’s early life. Traditionally viewed as St. Peter’s daughter, she is more likely a convert or follower, possibly cured of palsy by him. Apocryphal legends claim Peter locked her in a tower to protect her from suitors. Her association with Flavia Domitilla suggests a noble Christian background.<ref name="CatholicSaints">{{cite web |title=Saint Petronilla of Rome |url=https://catholicsaints.info/saint-petronilla-of-rome/ |website=CatholicSaints.Info |publisher=CatholicSaints.Info |access-date=2025-05-12}}</ref><ref name="web1">{{cite web |title=Saint Petronilla, Virgin |url=https://sanctoral.com/en/saints/31_may.html |website=Sanctoral |publisher=Sanctoral |access-date=2025-05-12 |date=2024-05-30}}</ref> | ||
===Occupation=== | ===Occupation=== | ||
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==Veneration== | ==Veneration== | ||
Saint Petronilla is venerated through prayers and pilgrimages to her chapel in [[St. Peter’s Basilica]], where her relics, including her skull in a reliquary, reside. Her image, often with keys, a broom, or a dolphin, appears in art, such as Guercino’s *The Burial of St. Petronilla* (1623) and Lorenzetti’s altarpiece (1340s). French monarchs, including Charlemagne, tied her to France’s royal patronage. | Saint Petronilla is venerated through prayers and pilgrimages to her chapel in [[St. Peter’s Basilica]], where her relics, including her skull in a reliquary, reside. Her image, often with keys, a broom, or a dolphin, appears in art, such as Guercino’s *The Burial of St. Petronilla* (1623) and Lorenzetti’s altarpiece (1340s). French monarchs, including Charlemagne, tied her to France’s royal patronage. | ||
==Books== | ==Books== | ||