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'''Claudio Gugerotti''', born {{Birth date and age|1955|10|07}}, is an [[Italy|Italian]] [[Catholic Church|Catholic]] [[Bishop (Catholic)|cardinal]] and Prefect Emeritus of the Dicastery for the Eastern Churches, serving from 2022 to April 2025. A polyglot and expert in Eastern Christianity, he was Apostolic Nuncio to several Eastern European countries (2001–2020) and [[Great Britain]] (2020–2022), and undersecretary of the Dicastery for the Eastern Churches (1997–2001). Elevated to cardinal by [[Pope Francis]] in 2023, he led the seventh Novendiales Mass for Pope Francis in 2025, urging solidarity with Eastern Catholics. His diplomatic career, marked by ecumenical dialogue and support for persecuted Christians, aligns with the [[Roman Rite]] and Vatican II’s vision. | '''Claudio Gugerotti''', born {{Birth date and age|1955|10|07}}, is an [[Italy|Italian]] [[Catholic Church|Catholic]] [[Bishop (Catholic)|cardinal]] and Prefect Emeritus of the Dicastery for the Eastern Churches, serving from 2022 to April 2025. A polyglot and expert in Eastern Christianity, he was Apostolic Nuncio to several Eastern European countries (2001–2020) and [[Great Britain]] (2020–2022), and undersecretary of the Dicastery for the Eastern Churches (1997–2001). Elevated to cardinal by [[Pope Francis]] in 2023, he led the seventh Novendiales Mass for Pope Francis in 2025, urging solidarity with Eastern Catholics. His diplomatic career, marked by ecumenical dialogue and support for persecuted Christians, aligns with the [[Roman Rite]] and Vatican II’s vision.<ref name="wiki">{{Cite web |title=Claudio Gugerotti |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudio_Gugerotti |access-date=2025-05-03 |website=Wikipedia}}</ref><ref name="vaticanbio">{{Cite web |title=GUGEROTTI Card. Claudio |url=https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinals_biographies/cardinal_gugerotti.html |access-date=2025-05-03 |website=Vatican Press Office}}</ref><ref name="cardinalsreport">{{Cite web |title=Cardinal Claudio Gugerotti |url=https://collegeofcardinalsreport.com/cardinals/claudio-gugerotti |access-date=2025-05-03 |website=The College of Cardinals Report |date=2024-11-23}}</ref> | ||
Born in [[Verona]], [[Veneto]], Gugerotti joined the Pious Society of Don Nicola Mazza and developed expertise in Eastern liturgies, influencing his advocacy for the Holy Land and Syrian Christians. In 2025, he participated in the [[papal conclave]], with some X posts speculating on his papabile status due to his diplomatic experience and ties to three popes, though such claims remain unverified. | Born in [[Verona]], [[Veneto]], Gugerotti joined the Pious Society of Don Nicola Mazza and developed expertise in Eastern liturgies, influencing his advocacy for the Holy Land and Syrian Christians. In 2025, he participated in the [[papal conclave]], with some X posts speculating on his papabile status due to his diplomatic experience and ties to three popes, though such claims remain unverified.<ref name="cna2025">{{Cite web |title=Cardinal Claudio Gugerotti celebrates seventh Novendiales Mass for Pope Francis |url=https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/260678/cardinal-claudio-gugerotti-celebrates-seventh-novendiales-mass-for-pope-francis |access-date=2025-05-03 |website=Catholic News Agency |date=2025-05-02}}</ref><ref name="vaticannews2025">{{Cite web |title=Cardinal Gugerotti: Eastern brothers and sisters enrich Church’s universality |url=https://www.vaticannews.va/en/church/news/2025-05/cardinal-gugerotti-eastern-churches-novemdiales-mass-pope-francis.html |access-date=2025-05-03 |website=Vatican News |date=2025-05-02}}</ref><ref name="post2">{{Cite web |title=@insidethevatican: Cardinal Gugerotti, a papabile with Eastern expertise, joins conclave |url=https://t.co/8q0EYMb5dN |access-date=2025-05-03 |website=X |date=2025-04-30 |last=Inside The Vatican}}</ref> His homily at the Novendiales Mass emphasized the Eastern Churches’ spiritual richness and the need for humility in choosing the next pope.<ref name="cna2025" /><ref name="post0">{{Cite web |title=@vaticannews: Cardinal Gugerotti urges humility in conclave during seventh Novendiales Mass |url=https://t.co/peaOkQo03y |access-date=2025-05-03 |website=X |date=2025-05-02 |last=Vatican News}}</ref> | ||
==Biography== | ==Biography== | ||
===Birth and early life=== | ===Birth and early life=== | ||
Claudio Gugerotti was born on {{Birth date and age|1955|10|07}} in [[Verona]], [[Veneto]], [[Italy]], into a Catholic family. He attended local schools and joined the Pious Society of Don Nicola Mazza, a community focused on education and mission, which shaped his commitment to ecumenism. His early exposure to Verona’s rich Christian heritage, including devotion to [[Saints|Saint]] [[Zeno of Verona]], fostered a deep faith and interest in Eastern Christianity. | Claudio Gugerotti was born on {{Birth date and age|1955|10|07}} in [[Verona]], [[Veneto]], [[Italy]], into a Catholic family.<ref name="wiki" /> He attended local schools and joined the Pious Society of Don Nicola Mazza, a community focused on education and mission, which shaped his commitment to ecumenism.<ref name="cardinalsreport" /> His early exposure to Verona’s rich Christian heritage, including devotion to [[Saints|Saint]] [[Zeno of Verona]], fostered a deep faith and interest in Eastern Christianity.<ref name="itwiki">{{Cite web |title=Claudio Gugerotti |url=https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudio_Gugerotti |access-date=2025-05-03 |website=Wikipedia (Italian) |date=2023-09-30}}</ref> | ||
Raised in a region known for its Catholic traditions, Gugerotti’s childhood instilled a sense of service and cultural openness. His linguistic talents, later honed through academic studies, enabled him to engage with diverse Christian communities, from Armenia to Ukraine, during his diplomatic career. | Raised in a region known for its Catholic traditions, Gugerotti’s childhood instilled a sense of service and cultural openness. His linguistic talents, later honed through academic studies, enabled him to engage with diverse Christian communities, from Armenia to Ukraine, during his diplomatic career.<ref name="cardinalsreport" /><ref name="vaticannews2023">{{Cite web |title=Cardinal Gugerotti: ‘My mission is to bring the Pope’s heart to the Eastern Churches’ |url=https://www.vaticannews.va/en/vatican-city/news/2023-09/cardinal-elect-gugerotti-eastern-churches-pope-francis.html |access-date=2025-05-03 |website=Vatican News |date=2023-09-07}}</ref> | ||
===Education=== | ===Education=== | ||
Gugerotti earned a licentiate in Eastern languages and literature from the Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, a licentiate in sacred liturgy from the Pontifical Saint Anselm Athenaeum in [[Padua]], and a doctorate in oriental ecclesiastical sciences from the [[Pontifical Oriental Institute]] in [[Rome]] in 1996, with a dissertation on Armenian liturgy. He taught patristics at the San Zeno Theological Institute in Verona (1981–1984), and theology and Eastern liturgy at the Institute of Ecumenical Studies in Verona (1982–1985). | Gugerotti earned a licentiate in Eastern languages and literature from the Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, a licentiate in sacred liturgy from the Pontifical Saint Anselm Athenaeum in [[Padua]], and a doctorate in oriental ecclesiastical sciences from the [[Pontifical Oriental Institute]] in [[Rome]] in 1996, with a dissertation on Armenian liturgy.<ref name="wiki" /><ref name="vaticanbio" /> He taught patristics at the San Zeno Theological Institute in Verona (1981–1984), and theology and Eastern liturgy at the Institute of Ecumenical Studies in Verona (1982–1985).<ref name="itwiki" /> | ||
His academic focus on Eastern Churches, combined with teaching at universities in [[Venice]], [[Padua]], and [[Rome]], equipped him for Vatican diplomacy. His fluency in multiple languages, including Armenian, enhanced his ability to foster dialogue with Orthodox and Eastern Catholic communities. | His academic focus on Eastern Churches, combined with teaching at universities in [[Venice]], [[Padua]], and [[Rome]], equipped him for Vatican diplomacy. His fluency in multiple languages, including Armenian, enhanced his ability to foster dialogue with Orthodox and Eastern Catholic communities.<ref name="cardinalsreport" /><ref name="catholicnews2023">{{Cite web |title=Pope Francis creates 21 new cardinals, including Italian Archbishop Claudio Gugerotti |url=https://www.catholicnews.com/pope-francis-creates-21-new-cardinals-including-italian-archbishop-claudio-gugerotti/ |access-date=2025-05-03 |website=Catholic News Service |date=2023-09-30}}</ref> | ||
===Priesthood=== | ===Priesthood=== | ||
Ordained a priest on 29 May 1982 by Bishop Giuseppe Amari for the [[Diocese of Verona]], Gugerotti served as a member of the Pious Society of Don Nicola Mazza. He taught briefly before joining the Congregation for the Eastern Churches in 1985, becoming its undersecretary from 1997 to 2001. His early priesthood focused on academic and curial work, laying the groundwork for his diplomatic roles. | Ordained a priest on 29 May 1982 by Bishop Giuseppe Amari for the [[Diocese of Verona]], Gugerotti served as a member of the Pious Society of Don Nicola Mazza.<ref name="wiki" /><ref name="catholichierarchy">{{Cite web |title=Claudio Cardinal Gugerotti |url=https://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bguger.html |access-date=2025-05-03 |website=Catholic-Hierarchy.org}}</ref> He taught briefly before joining the Congregation for the Eastern Churches in 1985, becoming its undersecretary from 1997 to 2001.<ref name="vaticanbio" /> His early priesthood focused on academic and curial work, laying the groundwork for his diplomatic roles.<ref name="cardinalsreport" /> | ||
In 1985, he began working at the Vatican, leveraging his expertise in Eastern liturgies and ecumenism. His appointment as undersecretary involved overseeing relations with Eastern Catholic Churches, preparing him for nunciature in geopolitically complex regions like the Caucasus and Ukraine. | In 1985, he began working at the Vatican, leveraging his expertise in Eastern liturgies and ecumenism. His appointment as undersecretary involved overseeing relations with Eastern Catholic Churches, preparing him for nunciature in geopolitically complex regions like the Caucasus and Ukraine.<ref name="vaticannews2023" /><ref name="catholicnews2023" /> | ||
===Bishop=== | ===Bishop=== | ||
Appointed titular Archbishop of Rebellum and Apostolic Nuncio to [[Georgia]] and [[Armenia]] on 7 December 2001 by [[Pope John Paul II]], Gugerotti was consecrated on 6 January 2002 by the pope in St. Peter’s Basilica, with Archbishops Leonardo Sandri and Robert Sarah as co-consecrators. He later served as Nuncio to [[Azerbaijan]] (2002–2011), [[Belarus]] (2011–2015), [[Ukraine]] (2015–2020), and [[Great Britain]] (2020–2022). | Appointed titular Archbishop of Rebellum and Apostolic Nuncio to [[Georgia]] and [[Armenia]] on 7 December 2001 by [[Pope John Paul II]], Gugerotti was consecrated on 6 January 2002 by the pope in St. Peter’s Basilica, with Archbishops Leonardo Sandri and Robert Sarah as co-consecrators.<ref name="wiki" /><ref name="catholichierarchy" /> He later served as Nuncio to [[Azerbaijan]] (2002–2011), [[Belarus]] (2011–2015), [[Ukraine]] (2015–2020), and [[Great Britain]] (2020–2022).<ref name="vaticanbio" /> | ||
Named Prefect of the Dicastery for the Eastern Churches on 21 November 2022, he served from 16 January 2023 until 21 April 2025, following Pope Francis’ death. Elevated to cardinal on 30 September 2023, he received the deaconry of Sant’Ambrogio Grande. In 2025, he led the seventh Novendiales Mass, highlighting Eastern Catholics’ sacrifices and urging electors to seek the Holy Spirit’s guidance in the conclave. Some sources and X posts note his papabile status, citing his diplomacy and ties to John Paul II, Benedict XVI, and Francis, though this remains speculative. | Named Prefect of the Dicastery for the Eastern Churches on 21 November 2022, he served from 16 January 2023 until 21 April 2025, following Pope Francis’ death.<ref name="vaticanpress2022">{{Cite web |title=Appointments of Prefect and Secretary of the Dicastery for the Eastern Churches |url=https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/bollettino/pubblico/2022/11/21/0862/01847.html |access-date=2025-05-03 |website=Vatican Press Office |date=2022-11-21}}</ref><ref name="cna2025resign">{{Cite web |title=Cardinal Gugerotti resigns as Prefect following Pope Francis’ death |url=https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/260678/cardinal-gugerotti-resigns-as-prefect-following-pope-francis-death |access-date=2025-05-03 |website=Catholic News Agency |date=2025-04-21}}</ref> Elevated to cardinal on 30 September 2023, he received the deaconry of Sant’Ambrogio Grande.<ref name="wiki" /> In 2025, he led the seventh Novendiales Mass, highlighting Eastern Catholics’ sacrifices and urging electors to seek the Holy Spirit’s guidance in the conclave.<ref name="cna2025" /><ref name="vaticannews2025" /><ref name="post0" /> Some sources and X posts note his papabile status, citing his diplomacy and ties to John Paul II, Benedict XVI, and Francis, though this remains speculative.<ref name="post2" /><ref name="post1">{{Cite web |title=@catholicworldrpt: Gugerotti’s diplomatic experience makes him a strong papabile candidate |url=https://t.co/QH2YgBzv9F |access-date=2025-05-03 |website=X |date=2025-04-29 |last=Catholic World Report}}</ref> | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
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==Significant events== | ==Significant events== | ||
* Joined the Pious Society of Don Nicola Mazza in [[Verona]]. | * Joined the Pious Society of Don Nicola Mazza in [[Verona]].<ref name="itwiki" /> | ||
* Ordained priest for the [[Diocese of Verona]] by Bishop Giuseppe Amari on 29 May 1982. | * Ordained priest for the [[Diocese of Verona]] by Bishop Giuseppe Amari on 29 May 1982.<ref name="wiki" /> | ||
* Taught patristics at San Zeno Theological Institute (1981–1984) and Eastern liturgy at the Institute of Ecumenical Studies in [[Verona]] (1982–1985). | * Taught patristics at San Zeno Theological Institute (1981–1984) and Eastern liturgy at the Institute of Ecumenical Studies in [[Verona]] (1982–1985).<ref name="itwiki" /> | ||
* Joined the Congregation for the Eastern Churches in 1985, becoming undersecretary in 1997. | * Joined the Congregation for the Eastern Churches in 1985, becoming undersecretary in 1997.<ref name="vaticanbio" /> | ||
* Appointed titular Archbishop of Rebellum and Apostolic Nuncio to [[Georgia]] and [[Armenia]] by [[Pope John Paul II]] on 7 December 2001, consecrated on 6 January 2002. | * Appointed titular Archbishop of Rebellum and Apostolic Nuncio to [[Georgia]] and [[Armenia]] by [[Pope John Paul II]] on 7 December 2001, consecrated on 6 January 2002.<ref name="wiki" /> | ||
* Appointed Apostolic Nuncio to [[Azerbaijan]] on 13 December 2001. | * Appointed Apostolic Nuncio to [[Azerbaijan]] on 13 December 2001.<ref name="wiki" /> | ||
* Served as Apostolic Nuncio to [[Belarus]] from 2011 to 2015. | * Served as Apostolic Nuncio to [[Belarus]] from 2011 to 2015.<ref name="wiki" /> | ||
* Served as Apostolic Nuncio to [[Ukraine]] from 2015 to 2020, advising Pope Francis on the Russia-Ukraine conflict. | * Served as Apostolic Nuncio to [[Ukraine]] from 2015 to 2020, advising Pope Francis on the Russia-Ukraine conflict.<ref name="vaticannews2023" /> | ||
* Appointed Apostolic Nuncio to [[Great Britain]] on 4 July 2020, serving until 2022. | * Appointed Apostolic Nuncio to [[Great Britain]] on 4 July 2020, serving until 2022.<ref name="wiki" /> | ||
* Named Prefect of the Dicastery for the Eastern Churches by [[Pope Francis]] on 21 November 2022, serving from 16 January 2023 to 21 April 2025. | * Named Prefect of the Dicastery for the Eastern Churches by [[Pope Francis]] on 21 November 2022, serving from 16 January 2023 to 21 April 2025.<ref name="vaticanpress2022" /><ref name="cna2025resign" /> | ||
* Created cardinal by [[Pope Francis]] on 30 September 2023, with the deaconry of Sant’Ambrogio Grande. | * Created cardinal by [[Pope Francis]] on 30 September 2023, with the deaconry of Sant’Ambrogio Grande.<ref name="wiki" /> | ||
* Visited [[Syria]] in January 2025 to express Pope Francis’ solidarity with local Catholics. | * Visited [[Syria]] in January 2025 to express Pope Francis’ solidarity with local Catholics.<ref name="vaticannews2025syria">{{Cite web |title=Cardinal Gugerotti visits Syria to express solidarity with Christians |url=https://www.vaticannews.va/en/church/news/2025-01/cardinal-gugerotti-visits-syria.html |access-date=2025-05-03 |website=Vatican News |date=2025-01-15}}</ref> | ||
* Led the seventh Novendiales Mass for [[Pope Francis]] on 2 May 2025, emphasizing Eastern Catholics’ fidelity. | * Led the seventh Novendiales Mass for [[Pope Francis]] on 2 May 2025, emphasizing Eastern Catholics’ fidelity.<ref name="cna2025" /><ref name="vaticannews2025" /> | ||
* Participated as a voting cardinal in the 2025 papal conclave, noted as a potential papabile. | * Participated as a voting cardinal in the 2025 papal conclave, noted as a potential papabile.<ref name="post1" /><ref name="post2" /> | ||
==Books== | ==Books== | ||
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===Written by the bishop=== | ===Written by the bishop=== | ||
* ''Sebèos: Storia'', translated from Armenian with introduction and notes, Verona, Casa Editrice Mazziana, 1990. | * ''Sebèos: Storia'', translated from Armenian with introduction and notes, Verona, Casa Editrice Mazziana, 1990.<ref name="itwiki" /> | ||
* ''L’interazione dei ruoli in una celebrazione come mistagogia: Il pensiero di Nerses Lambronac’i nella Spiegazione del sacrificio'', Padua, EMP, 1991. | * ''L’interazione dei ruoli in una celebrazione come mistagogia: Il pensiero di Nerses Lambronac’i nella Spiegazione del sacrificio'', Padua, EMP, 1991.<ref name="itwiki" /> | ||
* ''La liturgia armena delle ordinazioni e l’epoca ciliciana: Esiti rituali di una teologia di comunione tra Chiese'', Rome, Edizioni Orientalia Christiana, 2001. | * ''La liturgia armena delle ordinazioni e l’epoca ciliciana: Esiti rituali di una teologia di comunione tra Chiese'', Rome, Edizioni Orientalia Christiana, 2001.<ref name="itwiki" /> | ||
* ''L’uomo nuovo: Un essere liturgico'', Rome, Lipa Edizioni, 2005. | * ''L’uomo nuovo: Un essere liturgico'', Rome, Lipa Edizioni, 2005.<ref name="itwiki" /> | ||
* ''Riflessi d’Oriente'', Biella, Edizioni Qiqajon, 2012. | * ''Riflessi d’Oriente'', Biella, Edizioni Qiqajon, 2012.<ref name="itwiki" /> | ||
* ''Caucaso e dintorni: Viaggio in una cristianità di frontiera'', Rome, Lipa Edizioni, 2012. | * ''Caucaso e dintorni: Viaggio in una cristianità di frontiera'', Rome, Lipa Edizioni, 2012.<ref name="itwiki" /> | ||
==External links== | ==External links== | ||
* [https://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bguger.html Claudio Cardinal Gugerotti], Catholic-Hierarchy.org | * [https://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bguger.html Claudio Cardinal Gugerotti], Catholic-Hierarchy.org | ||
* [https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinals_biographies/cardinal_gugerotti.html GUGEROTTI Card. Claudio], Vatican Press Office | * [https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinals_biographies/cardinal_gugerotti.html GUGEROTTI Card. Claudio], Vatican Press Office | ||
* [https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/260678/cardinal-claudio-gugerotti-celebrates-seventh-novendiales-mass-for-pope-francis | * [https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/260678/cardinal-claudio-gugerotti-celebrates-seventh-novendiales-mass-for-pope-francis Cardinal Claudio Gugerotti celebrates seventh Novendiales Mass for Pope Francis], Catholic News Agency | ||
* [https://www.vaticannews.va/en/church/news/2025-05/cardinal-gugerotti-eastern-churches-novemdiales-mass-pope-francis.html Cardinal Gugerotti: Eastern brothers and sisters enrich Church’s universality], Vatican News | * [https://www.vaticannews.va/en/church/news/2025-05/cardinal-gugerotti-eastern-churches-novemdiales-mass-pope-francis.html Cardinal Gugerotti: Eastern brothers and sisters enrich Church’s universality], Vatican News | ||