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(Created page with "{{Bishop |honorific_prefix=His Eminence |name=Frank Leo |diocese=Archdiocese of Toronto |home_diocese=Archdiocese of Montreal |other_diocese1=Diocese of Tamada |other_diocese2= |other_diocese3= |ordination=14 December 1996 |ordained_by=Archbishop Jean-Claude Turcotte |consecration=12 September 2022 |consecrated_by=Archbishop Christian Lépine |rank=Cardinal |cardinal=7 December 2024 |created_cardinal_by=Pope Francis |birth_name=Francis Leo |birth_date=30 June 1971 |birth...") |
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'''Francis "Frank" Leo''', born on {{Birth date and age|1971|6|30|df=y}}, is a [[Canada|Canadian]] [[prelate]] of the [[Catholic Church]], serving as Archbishop of the [[Diocese|Archdiocese of Toronto]] since 2023 and elevated to [[cardinal]] by [[Pope Francis]] on 7 December 2024.<ref name="cathierarchy">{{cite web |last=Cheney |first=David M. |title=Frank Cardinal Leo |url=https://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bleof.html |website=Catholic-Hierarchy.org |access-date=2 May 2025}}</ref> Born in Montreal, [[Quebec]], [[Canada]], to Italian immigrant parents, he was ordained a [[priest]] in 1996 for the [[Diocese|Archdiocese of Montreal]], served as Auxiliary [[Bishop]] of Montreal (2022–2023), and joined the [[Religious order|Priestly Fraternity of Saint Dominic]] in 2007.<ref name="vaticanpress">{{cite web |title=Cardinal Frank Leo |url=https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinals_biographies/cardinal_leo.html |website=Vatican Press Office |date=7 December 2024 |access-date=2 May 2025}}</ref> Known for his moderate theology and Mariology expertise, Leo emphasizes spiritual renewal and pastoral care for youth and families, though his traditional views on contraception and women’s ordination have drawn criticism.<ref name="cbcnews">{{cite web |last=Williams |first=Megan |title=Pope makes Archbishop of Toronto a cardinal |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/archbishop-francis-leo-cardinal-1.7400542 |website=CBC News |date=7 December 2024 |access-date=2 May 2025}}</ref> | '''Francis "Frank" Leo''', born on {{Birth date and age|1971|6|30|df=y}}, is a [[Canada|Canadian]] [[prelate]] of the [[Catholic Church]], serving as Archbishop of the [[Diocese|Archdiocese of Toronto]] since 2023 and elevated to [[cardinal]] by [[Pope Francis]] on 7 December 2024.<ref name="cathierarchy">{{cite web |last=Cheney |first=David M. |title=Frank Cardinal Leo |url=https://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bleof.html |website=Catholic-Hierarchy.org |access-date=2 May 2025}}</ref> Born in Montreal, [[Quebec]], [[Canada]], to Italian immigrant parents, he was ordained a [[priest]] in 1996 for the [[Diocese|Archdiocese of Montreal]], served as Auxiliary [[Bishop]] of Montreal (2022–2023), and joined the [[Religious order|Priestly Fraternity of Saint Dominic]] in 2007.<ref name="vaticanpress">{{cite web |title=Cardinal Frank Leo |url=https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinals_biographies/cardinal_leo.html |website=Vatican Press Office |date=7 December 2024 |access-date=2 May 2025}}</ref> Known for his moderate theology and Mariology expertise, Leo emphasizes spiritual renewal and pastoral care for youth and families, though his traditional views on contraception and women’s ordination have drawn criticism.<ref name="cbcnews">{{cite web |last=Williams |first=Megan |title=Pope makes Archbishop of Toronto a cardinal |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/archbishop-francis-leo-cardinal-1.7400542 |website=CBC News |date=7 December 2024 |access-date=2 May 2025}}</ref> | ||
Elevated to [[cardinal]]-priest of [[Santa Maria della Salute a Primavalle]], Leo serves as a member of the Dicastery for Legislative Texts (2025) and is president of the Canadian Mariological Society.<ref name="vaticanpress"/> | Elevated to [[cardinal]]-priest of [[Santa Maria della Salute a Primavalle]], Leo serves as a member of the Dicastery for Legislative Texts (2025) and is president of the Canadian Mariological Society.<ref name="vaticanpress"/> His diplomatic service (2008–2012) included postings in Australia and Hong Kong, and he has taught theology in Montreal, Canberra, Dayton, and Ottawa.<ref name="collegecardinals">{{cite web |title=Cardinal Francis Leo |url=https://collegeofcardinalsreport.com/cardinals/frank-leo |website=College of Cardinals Report |date=6 December 2024 |access-date=2 May 2025}}</ref> Eligible for the 2025 [[papal conclave]] at age 53, Leo is noted in X posts for his humility and pro-life advocacy, though papabile speculation, including alleged Opus Dei ties, is unverified.<ref name="lanacion"/><ref name="infocattolica">{{cite web |last=La Rosa |first=Angelica |title=Conosciamo il Cardinale elettore Frank Leo |url=https://www.infocattolica.com/?t=noticia&cod=49274 |website=InfoCatólica |date=27 April 2025 |access-date=2 May 2025}}</ref> He continues to promote unity and Marian devotion in Toronto.<ref name="vaticannews">{{cite web |title=Canada’s new Cardinal: Church’s outreach must start from the human heart |url=https://www.vaticannews.va/en/church/news/2024-12/cardinal-frank-leo-toronto-interview.html |website=Vatican News |date=7 December 2024 |access-date=2 May 2025}}</ref> | ||
==Biography== | ==Biography== | ||
===Birth and early life=== | ===Birth and early life=== | ||
Francis "Frank" Leo was born on 30 June 1971 in Montreal, [[Quebec]], [[Canada]], to Italian immigrants Francesco Leo and Rosa Valente.<ref name="cathierarchy"/> | Francis "Frank" Leo was born on 30 June 1971 in Montreal, [[Quebec]], [[Canada]], to Italian immigrants Francesco Leo and Rosa Valente.<ref name="cathierarchy"/> He attended Eugenio Pacelli Elementary School, John F. Kennedy High School, and CEGEP Vanier in Montreal, a major [[City]].<ref name="archtoronto">{{cite web |title=Frank Cardinal Leo |url=https://www.archtoronto.org/en/about-us/our-bishops/frank-cardinal-leo/ |website=Archdiocese of Toronto |access-date=2 May 2025}}</ref> Devotion to [[Saints]], particularly [[Mary, mother of Jesus]], shaped his vocation, rooted in his parish life at Our Lady of Consolata.<ref name="collegecardinals"/> | ||
Raised in Montreal’s Little Italy, Leo’s early life reflected the struggles of immigrant families, fostering his commitment to community and faith.<ref name="cbcnews"/> | Raised in Montreal’s Little Italy, Leo’s early life reflected the struggles of immigrant families, fostering his commitment to community and faith.<ref name="cbcnews"/> His parish was a spiritual and social anchor.<ref name="catholicregister">{{cite web |title=Cardinal Leo |url=https://www.catholicregister.org/item/37779-cardinal-leo |website=The Catholic Register |date=6 December 2024 |access-date=2 May 2025}}</ref> | ||
===Education=== | ===Education=== | ||
Leo entered the Grand [[Seminary|Séminaire]] de Montréal in 1990, earning a bachelor’s degree in philosophy (1992) and a bachelor’s degree in theology (1995) from the Institut de Formation Théologique de Montréal.<ref name="vaticanpress"/> | Leo entered the Grand [[Seminary|Séminaire]] de Montréal in 1990, earning a bachelor’s degree in philosophy (1992) and a bachelor’s degree in theology (1995) from the Institut de Formation Théologique de Montréal.<ref name="vaticanpress"/> He obtained a licentiate (2002) and doctorate (2004) in systematic theology, specializing in Mariology, from the International Marian Research Institute (University of Dayton), and studied canon law, diplomacy, and international law at the Pontifical Lateran University.<ref name="collegecardinals"/> He holds a licentiate in philosophy (Pontifical Lateran University), a diploma in classical studies (Université de Montréal), and a certificate in spiritual direction (Aquinas Institute of Theology).<ref name="archtoronto"/> He was ordained a [[priest]] on 14 December 1996 by Archbishop Jean-Claude Turcotte in the [[Rite|Roman Rite]].<ref name="cathierarchy"/> | ||
His academic roles included teaching theology, spirituality, and philosophy in Montreal, Canberra, Dayton, and Ottawa, equipping him for pastoral and diplomatic roles.<ref name="collegecardinals"/> | His academic roles included teaching theology, spirituality, and philosophy in Montreal, Canberra, Dayton, and Ottawa, equipping him for pastoral and diplomatic roles.<ref name="collegecardinals"/> Leo speaks English, French, Italian, and Spanish.<ref name="archtoronto"/> | ||
===Priesthood=== | ===Priesthood=== | ||
Ordained for the [[Diocese|Archdiocese of Montreal]] in 1996, Leo served as assistant pastor at [[Parish|Our Lady of Consolata]] (1996–2001), parochial administrator at [[Parish|Saint-Joseph-de-Rivière-des-Prairies]] (2003–2005), chaplain and teacher at Roscelli School and Collège Reine-Marie (2003–2005), and pastor at [[Parish|Saint-Raymond-de-Peñafort]] (2005–2006).<ref name="vaticanpress"/> | Ordained for the [[Diocese|Archdiocese of Montreal]] in 1996, Leo served as assistant pastor at [[Parish|Our Lady of Consolata]] (1996–2001), parochial administrator at [[Parish|Saint-Joseph-de-Rivière-des-Prairies]] (2003–2005), chaplain and teacher at Roscelli School and Collège Reine-Marie (2003–2005), and pastor at [[Parish|Saint-Raymond-de-Peñafort]] (2005–2006).<ref name="vaticanpress"/> From 2006 to 2008, he studied at the Pontifical Ecclesiastical Academy in Rome, joining the Holy See’s diplomatic service (2008–2012) with postings to the apostolic nunciature in Australia (2008–2011) and the Holy See Study Mission in Hong Kong (2011–2012).<ref name="cathierarchy"/> Appointed Chaplain of His Holiness in 2012 by [[Pope Benedict XVI]], he returned to Canada as a [[Seminary]] formation team member at the Grand Séminaire de Montréal.<ref name="collegecardinals"/> He was General Secretary of the Canadian Conference of Catholic Bishops (2015–2021) and Vicar General and Moderator of the Curia of Montreal (2022).<ref name="archtoronto"/> | ||
His priesthood with the [[Religious order|Priestly Fraternity of Saint Dominic]] focused on parish ministry, diplomacy, and formation, shaping his pastoral leadership.<ref name="vaticannews"/> | His priesthood with the [[Religious order|Priestly Fraternity of Saint Dominic]] focused on parish ministry, diplomacy, and formation, shaping his pastoral leadership.<ref name="vaticannews"/> | ||
===Bishop=== | ===Bishop=== | ||
Appointed Titular [[Bishop]] of Tamada and Auxiliary [[Bishop]] of the [[Diocese|Archdiocese of Montreal]] on 16 July 2022 by [[Pope Francis]], Leo was consecrated on 12 September 2022 by Archbishop Christian Lépine.<ref name="cathierarchy"/> | Appointed Titular [[Bishop]] of Tamada and Auxiliary [[Bishop]] of the [[Diocese|Archdiocese of Montreal]] on 16 July 2022 by [[Pope Francis]], Leo was consecrated on 12 September 2022 by Archbishop Christian Lépine.<ref name="cathierarchy"/> Named Metropolitan Archbishop of the [[Diocese|Archdiocese of Toronto]] on 11 February 2023, he was installed on 25 March 2023.<ref name="archtoronto"/> Elevated to [[cardinal]]-priest of [[Santa Maria della Salute a Primavalle]] on 7 December 2024, he was appointed to the Dicastery for Legislative Texts on 11 January 2025.<ref name="vaticanpress"/> | ||
His moderate theology emphasizes Marian devotion and spiritual awakening, though his 2024 pastoral letter’s traditional tone drew criticism for lacking inclusivity.<ref name="cbcnews"/> | His moderate theology emphasizes Marian devotion and spiritual awakening, though his 2024 pastoral letter’s traditional tone drew criticism for lacking inclusivity.<ref name="cbcnews"/> X posts praise his humility and pro-life stance, but Opus Dei allegations are unverified.<ref name="infocattolica"/> | ||
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==Significant events== | ==Significant events== | ||
* Entered the Grand [[Seminary|Séminaire]] de Montréal in 1990.<ref name="archtoronto"/> | * Entered the Grand [[Seminary|Séminaire]] de Montréal in 1990.<ref name="archtoronto"/> | ||
* Ordained [[priest]] for the [[Diocese|Archdiocese of Montreal]] on 14 December 1996 by Archbishop Jean-Claude Turcotte.<ref name="cathierarchy"/> | * Ordained [[priest]] for the [[Diocese|Archdiocese of Montreal]] on 14 December 1996 by Archbishop Jean-Claude Turcotte.<ref name="cathierarchy"/> | ||
* Joined the [[Religious order|Priestly Fraternity of Saint Dominic]] in 2007.<ref name="cathierarchy"/> | * Joined the [[Religious order|Priestly Fraternity of Saint Dominic]] in 2007.<ref name="cathierarchy"/> | ||
* Served in the Holy See’s diplomatic service in Australia (2008–2011) and Hong Kong (2011–2012).<ref name="vaticanpress"/> | * Served in the Holy See’s diplomatic service in Australia (2008–2011) and Hong Kong (2011–2012).<ref name="vaticanpress"/> | ||
* Appointed Chaplain of His Holiness by [[Pope Benedict XVI]] on 9 January 2012.<ref name="archtoronto"/> | * Appointed Chaplain of His Holiness by [[Pope Benedict XVI]] on 9 January 2012.<ref name="archtoronto"/> | ||
* General Secretary of the Canadian Conference of Catholic Bishops (2015–2021).<ref name="collegecardinals"/> | * General Secretary of the Canadian Conference of Catholic Bishops (2015–2021).<ref name="collegecardinals"/> | ||
* Appointed Titular [[Bishop]] of Tamada and Auxiliary [[Bishop]] of the [[Diocese|Archdiocese of Montreal]] on 16 July 2022.<ref name="cathierarchy"/> | * Appointed Titular [[Bishop]] of Tamada and Auxiliary [[Bishop]] of the [[Diocese|Archdiocese of Montreal]] on 16 July 2022.<ref name="cathierarchy"/> | ||
* Consecrated on 12 September 2022 by Archbishop Christian Lépine.<ref name="cathierarchy"/> | * Consecrated on 12 September 2022 by Archbishop Christian Lépine.<ref name="cathierarchy"/> | ||
* Appointed Metropolitan Archbishop of the [[Diocese|Archdiocese of Toronto]] on 11 February 2023.<ref name="archtoronto"/> | * Appointed Metropolitan Archbishop of the [[Diocese|Archdiocese of Toronto]] on 11 February 2023.<ref name="archtoronto"/> | ||
* Received the pallium on 29 September 2023 from Apostolic Nuncio Ivan Jurkovič.<ref name="archtoronto"/> | * Received the pallium on 29 September 2023 from Apostolic Nuncio Ivan Jurkovič.<ref name="archtoronto"/> | ||
* Elevated to [[cardinal]]-priest of [[Santa Maria della Salute a Primavalle]] on 7 December 2024.<ref name="vaticanpress"/> | * Elevated to [[cardinal]]-priest of [[Santa Maria della Salute a Primavalle]] on 7 December 2024.<ref name="vaticanpress"/> | ||
* Appointed to the Dicastery for Legislative Texts on 11 January 2025.<ref name="vaticanpress"/> | * Appointed to the Dicastery for Legislative Texts on 11 January 2025.<ref name="vaticanpress"/> | ||
* Issued a pastoral letter in January 2024, citing figures like Fulton Sheen and Dom Helder Camara.<ref name="collegecardinals"/> | * Issued a pastoral letter in January 2024, citing figures like Fulton Sheen and Dom Helder Camara.<ref name="collegecardinals"/> | ||
* Defended pro-life charities in a February 2025 letter to the Canadian Finance Minister.<ref name="lifesitenews">{{cite web |last=Baklinski |first=Pete |title=Canada’s newest Catholic Cardinal defends pro-life charities |url=https://www.lifesitenews.com/news/canadas-newest-catholic-cardinal-defends-pro-life-charities/ |website=LifeSiteNews |date=21 February 2025 |access-date=2 May 2025}}</ref> | * Defended pro-life charities in a February 2025 letter to the Canadian Finance Minister.<ref name="lifesitenews">{{cite web |last=Baklinski |first=Pete |title=Canada’s newest Catholic Cardinal defends pro-life charities |url=https://www.lifesitenews.com/news/canadas-newest-catholic-cardinal-defends-pro-life-charities/ |website=LifeSiteNews |date=21 February 2025 |access-date=2 May 2025}}</ref> | ||
==Books== | ==Books== | ||
===Written about the bishop=== | ===Written about the bishop=== | ||
* {{cite web |last=Williams |first=Megan |title=Pope makes Archbishop of Toronto a cardinal |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/archbishop-francis-leo-cardinal-1.7400542 |website=CBC News |date=7 December 2024 |access-date=2 May 2025}} | * {{cite web |last=Williams |first=Megan |title=Pope makes Archbishop of Toronto a cardinal |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/archbishop-francis-leo-cardinal-1.7400542 |website=CBC News |date=7 December 2024 |access-date=2 May 2025}} | ||
* {{cite web |title=Cardinal Francis Leo |url=https://collegeofcardinalsreport.com/cardinals/frank-leo |website=College of Cardinals Report |date=6 December 2024 |access-date=2 May 2025}} | * {{cite web |title=Cardinal Francis Leo |url=https://collegeofcardinalsreport.com/cardinals/frank-leo |website=College of Cardinals Report |date=6 December 2024 |access-date=2 May 2025}} | ||
* {{cite web |last=La Rosa |first=Angelica |title=Conosciamo il Cardinale elettore Frank Leo |url=https://www.infocattolica.com/?t=noticia&cod=49274 |website=InfoCatólica |date=27 April 2025 |access-date=2 May 2025}} | * {{cite web |last=La Rosa |first=Angelica |title=Conosciamo il Cardinale elettore Frank Leo |url=https://www.infocattolica.com/?t=noticia&cod=49274 |website=InfoCatólica |date=27 April 2025 |access-date=2 May 2025}} | ||
===Written by the bishop=== | ===Written by the bishop=== | ||
* No books solely authored by Cardinal Frank Leo have been identified in available sources, though he has written pastoral letters, homilies, and a doctoral dissertation on Fra Girolamo Savonarola’s Mariology.<ref name="collegecardinals"/> | * No books solely authored by Cardinal Frank Leo have been identified in available sources, though he has written pastoral letters, homilies, and a doctoral dissertation on Fra Girolamo Savonarola’s Mariology.<ref name="collegecardinals"/> | ||
==External links== | ==External links== | ||