Saint Jude Thaddeus
Stored in Cargo: Saint Jude Thaddeus
| Saint Jude Thaddeus | |
| Feast Day | October 28 |
|---|---|
| Liturgical Class | |
| Patronage | Lost causes; desperate situations; hospitals; diocese of Nashville |
| Birthplace | Galilee, Roman Empire (now Israel) |
| Death Place | Edessa, Mesopotamia, Roman Empire (now Şanlıurfa, Turkey) or Persia (traditional) |
| Cause of Death | Martyrdom |
| Primary Shrine | Basilica of St. Peter's, Vatican City |
Saint Jude Thaddeus, also known as Jude of James or Lebbaeus (1st century AD), was one of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus, traditionally identified as the author of the Epistle of Jude in the New Testament, and venerated as the patron of hopeless causes for his intercession in desperate situations.[1] According to the Synoptic Gospels (Matthew 10:3; Mark 3:18), Jude (or Thaddeus to avoid confusion with Judas Iscariot) was called from Galilee, possibly a relative of Jesus (Mark 6:3), and listed among the Twelve; Acts 1:13 confirms his post-Resurrection presence, though no further ministry details are scriptural.[2] Patristic traditions from Eusebius and Jerome identify him as the "brother of James" (Jude 1:1), preaching in Mesopotamia, Armenia, and Persia with Simon the Zealot, martyred c. AD 65–72 by axe or club; the Epistle, warning against false teachers, is attributed to him with probabilistic dating AD 65–80.[3] Historical evidence rests on New Testament lists and early martyrologies, with legends from the 4th-century Passio SS. Simonis et Judae detailing Persian mission, unverifiable but influential.[1]
Martyred c. AD 65–72, Jude's relics were translated to Rome c. AD 7th century, enshrined under St. Peter's altar; as an apostolic saint, his recognition occurred through early acclamation, with no formal canonization process, and feast on October 28 (joint with Simon).[4] Hagiographic miracles, like healing desperate cases or the mandylion image, derive from medieval traditions rather than contemporaries and cannot be verified; patronage of lost causes emerged in the 18th century from novena promises.[5] Venerated globally, especially in Armenia and the Americas, Jude's novenas draw millions; St. Jude Children's Research Hospital embodies his patronage.[2]
Jude's legacy, verified through epistle authenticity (canonical since Hippolytus, c. AD 200), warns against heresy; probabilistic Persian martyrdom aligns with traditions, his obscurity yielding to "hopeless" intercessor.
Biography
Birth
Saint Jude Thaddeus was born in the 1st century AD in Galilee, likely Bethsaida or Cana, to a Jewish family, traditionally the brother of James the Less (Mark 6:3; Jude 1:1), as per patristic identifications; exact date unavailable.[1] Baptized in Jerusalem's community, his infancy coincided with Jesus's ministry; family background unrecorded, possibly artisan.[2] As a Galilean Jew, early life involved Torah and synagogue.
Birth c. AD 10–20 estimated.
Early Life
Jude's early life is undocumented; as Jesus's relative (Mark 6:3), he likely followed family trade before apostleship, per Gospel context.[3] No factual anecdotes, narrative focused on calling; probabilistic youth in Galilee c. AD 20s–30s.[5] Called with Simon (Luke 6:16).
Details scriptural.
Occupation
Jude's occupation was as apostle c. AD 30–65, preaching post-Resurrection (Acts 1:13), inferred from Twelve role; no secular trade mentioned.[1] Epistle authorship his "work."
Apostleship central.
Vocation
Called as one of Twelve (Matthew 10:3), Jude's vocation involved witnessing Resurrection and Pentecost; traditional mission to Persia with Simon, per Passio; vocation: Apostle of desperate, per novena traditions.[2] Epistle warns heretics (Jude 3–4); vocation: Guardian of faith.
Legacy: Intercessor.
Death
According to tradition, Jude died c. AD 65–72 in Persia or Edessa by axe/club with Simon, refusing idolatry, per Passio; body to Edessa, relics to Rome.[4] No scriptural; hagiography notes faithful end. Saint Jude Thaddeus met his end through martyrdom in Persia, clubbed for the faith, per hagiographic accounts.
Significant events
- Called as apostle (c. AD 30).
- Witnesses Resurrection and Pentecost (AD 30–33).
- Preaches in Mesopotamia/Persia (c. AD 40–65).
- Writes Epistle of Jude (c. AD 65–80).
- Martyred with Simon (c. AD 65–72).
- Relics translated to Rome (c. AD 7th century).
Significant locations
Legend
Birth location: Galilee, Roman Empire (now Israel)
Death location: Edessa, Mesopotamia, Roman Empire (now Şanlıurfa, Turkey) or Persia (traditional)
Notable location: Relics under high altar (Basilica of St. Peter's, Piazza San Pietro, 00120 Vatican City)
Notable location: Major American devotion site (National Shrine of St. Jude, 2212 N. 69th St, Chicago, IL 60645, USA)
Notable location: Persian martyrdom tradition (St. Thaddeus Monastery, Maku, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran)
Notable location:
Notable location:
Dynamic content
Parishes
| Saint Jude Thaddeus |
|---|
|
|
| This map created from a Cargo query () |
Media
This will pull from Saint media.
Shrines
Dynamic shrines
This will pull in related Shrines.
List of shrines
Basilica of St. Peter's
Vatican City's Basilica of St. Peter's, a papal basilica under the Diocese of Rome since the 4th century, enshrines Jude's relics under the high altar with Simon, qualifying under Canon 1230 as a pilgrimage center for apostles with Masses and expositions.[1] Pilgrimage details: Piazza San Pietro, 00120 Vatican City; relics medieval; notable for October 28 feasts; Diocese of Rome. Fact: Translation site, symbolizing apostolic unity.
National Shrine of St. Jude, Chicago
Chicago's National Shrine of St. Jude, designated by the Congregation of the Passion since 1929, meets Canon 1230 for desperate novenas and relic veneration.[2] Pilgrimage details: 2212 N. 69th St, Chicago, IL 60645, USA; founded 1929; monthly triduums; Archdiocese of Chicago. Fact: Largest U.S. devotion, drawing millions for lost causes.
St. Thaddeus Monastery, Maku
Maku's Armenian monastery in Iran, under Armenian Apostolic Church, qualifies under Canon 1230 principles for Persian mission traditions with liturgies.[3] Pilgrimage details: Maku, West Azerbaijan, Iran; medieval; annual October feasts; Armenian Apostolic Church. Fact: Near martyrdom site, linking to Simon.
Church of St. Jude, Baltimore
Baltimore's Passionist church, shrine by Archdiocese of Baltimore for American cult compliant with Canon 1230.[5] Pilgrimage details: 5800 Smith Ave, Baltimore, MD 21209, USA; 20th century; novena Masses; Archdiocese of Baltimore. Fact: Early U.S. shrine, fostering patronage.
Canonization
Servant of God
As an apostolic martyr, Jude's recognition as Servant of God occurred through immediate Mesopotamian cultus, with 2nd-century veneration implying heroic virtue via Epistle, predating processes.[1] Centered at Edessa, acclaim affirmed warnings.
Early Eastern recognition focused on heresy.
Venerable
Venerated as Venerable from late 1st century through episcopal approvals, with virtue promoted by Antiochene bishops based on Acts, without papal pre-Nicene.[2] Cultus spread via Armenia.
No decree; organic to Church.
Beatification
Beatification via acclamation; by 2nd century, martyrologies inclusion permitted veneration as Blessed, based on attested death without miracle.[3] This extended to Roman feasts.
Honor emphasized intercession.
Canonization
Jude's canonization through universal acceptance by 2nd century, with martyrological proclamation and relic ties; no second miracle needed for apostles.[1] Feast October 28.
Enshrined hopeless patron.
Miracles
For apostles like Jude, canonization relied on epistolary witness; no specific prodigies recorded, though traditions note desperate healings.[5] Devotional accounts emphasize novenas.
Miracle for beatification
No required; 2nd-century cultus based on traditional graces like protections, sufficient per praxis.[1] Unverified Epistle inspirations aligned.
Focus on heretics.
Miracle for canonization
No second; acceptance by 2nd century affirmed via missions, without investigation.[2] Medieval novenas supported.
Pre-formal norms.
Other notable miracles
- Healing desperate illnesses (novena tradition).
- Finding lost items (patronage).
- Posthumous conversions, devotional.
Patronage
Saint Jude Thaddeus is the patron saint of lost causes, desperate situations, hospitals, and the Diocese of Nashville.[4] These emerged from 18th-century novenas.
Feast day
October 28
Veneration
Saint Jude Thaddeus is venerated on October 28 through apostle feasts, novenas for hopeless cases, and pilgrimages to Vatican relics.[1] Relics under altar focal.
Depicted with club and Jesus image, as in Chicago icons. Literature like Epistle inspires. Shrines foster hope.
Books
Written about the saint
Written by the saint
- Epistle of Jude (New Testament).
External links
- Catholic Online: St. Jude Thaddaeus
- Franciscan Media: Saint Jude the Apostle
- New Advent: St. Jude the Apostle
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 "St. Jude the Apostle". New Advent Catholic Encyclopedia. https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08535a.htm.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 "Jude the Apostle". Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jude_the_Apostle.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 "Saint Jude the Apostle". Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Jude-the-Apostle.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 "St. Jude Thaddaeus". Catholic Online. https://www.catholic.org/saints/saint.php?saint_id=77.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 "Saint Jude the Apostle". Franciscan Media. https://www.franciscanmedia.org/saint-of-the-day/saint-jude-the-apostle.