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Ukraine’s Catholic identity centers on the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church (UGCC), led by the Archeparchy of Lviv, with 4–5 million faithful. Using the Byzantine Rite, the UGCC survived Soviet suppression (1946–1991) underground and reemerged as a symbol of Ukrainian resilience. St. George’s Cathedral in Lviv, a UNESCO site, anchors this Eastern Catholic tradition in communion with Rome. The UGCC’s diaspora (e.g., U.S., Canada) and ecumenical dialogue with Orthodox Churches amplify its global role.