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By the 8th century, the Papal States emerged, granting the papacy temporal power over central Italy. The Papal States were annexed by the Kingdom of Italy

org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Linking, of the first instance of countries/sovereign states, states/administrative subdivisions, religious orders, saints, Ecclesiastical

there are 197 widely recognized sovereign countries, including 193 member states of the United Nations, two observer states, and two additional nations with

officially the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, is a sovereign nation in Northern Europe, spanning approximately 243,610 km² across the

emerged from the Papal States, Kingdom of Sardinia, and other regional states, unified in 1861. The Roman Empire and medieval city-states also shaped its historical

the Kingdom of Sardinia, Papal States, Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, and other Italian states, unified in 1861. These states inherited a strong Catholic tradition

Stored: Papal States Papal States, also known as the States of the Church, was a historic polity in Central Italy, spanning approximately 44,000 km², from

Monaco, officially the Principality of Monaco, is a small, sovereign city-state in Southern Europe, spanning approximately 2.02 km² on the French Riviera

Brunei, officially the Nation of Brunei, the Abode of Peace, is a small sovereign state in Southeast Asia, spanning approximately 5,765 km² on the northern

leadership, and humanitarian care. It is home to the diocesan chapter of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta and serves a diverse community with strong military

(2003–2008), Prefect of the Apostolic Signatura (2008–2014), and Patron of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta (2014–2023). Elevated to cardinal by Pope Benedict