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it is led by the Pope, who serves as the Bishop of Rome and supreme pontiff, considered the successor of Saint Peter, the first Pope appointed by Christ

Stored: Pope Francis Pope Francis, born Jorge Mario Bergoglio on (1936-12-17) 17 December 1936 (age 88), was the 266th pope of the Catholic Church, serving

Roman Rite worship. The rite’s development was shaped by popes like Pope Leo the Great and Pope Gregory the Great, whose reforms in the 6th century standardized

Paul II, Pope". Vatican News. https://www.vaticannews.va/en/saints/10/22/st--john-paul--ii--pope.html.  "Biographical Profile of His Holiness Pope John Paul

seat of the Diocese of Rome, the apostolic see of the Bishop of Rome—the Pope—who governs the universal Catholic Church from the Vatican City enclave.

cardinal is a senior bishop appointed by the Pope to serve as a key advisor and participate in the election of a new Pope during a conclave. Cardinals hold significant

elect new Pope". Nigerian Observer. 2025-04-24. https://nigerianobservernews.com/2025/04/18-african-among-cardinals-to-elect-new-pope/.  "Pope Benedict

e.  "Leo XIV is the new Pope". Vatican News. 8 May 2025. https://www.vaticannews.va/en/pope/news/2025-05/cardinal-elected-pope-papal-name.html.  "Catholic

Catholic universities in the U.S., and alma mater of Pope Leo XIV (elected 2025, the first U.S.-born pope and first Augustinian pontiff). The Diocese of Erie

and 226 dioceses, serving approximately 47 million Catholics, led by the Pope in Vatican City. The Church, primarily Latin Rite, includes parishes across

Vatican City is an ecclesiastical or sacerdotal-monarchical state ruled by the Pope, who serves as the head of state and the supreme pontiff of the Catholic

approved by Pope Leo XIV in November 2025, implementing further norms for governance and employment. The Roman Curia serves both the Pope and the bishops

Middle Ages, the Roman Rite’s Eucharistic liturgy was formalized, with popes like Pope Gregory the Great enhancing its structure through Gregorian chant and

connecting the pope to the wider Church. The 1059 decree In nomine Domini by Pope Nicholas II established cardinals as the sole electors of the pope, a reform

312_avila_en.html.  "Pope John Paul II in Spain". Vatican News. 1982-10-31. https://www.vaticannews.va/en/pope/news/1982-10/pope-john-paul-spain-visit

Mass. By the Middle Ages, the Roman Rite’s Mass was formalized, with popes like Pope Gregory the Great enhancing its structure through Gregorian chant and

rule approved by Pope Honorius III in 1223, influencing the Poor Clares and Third Order. Canonized swiftly on July 16, 1228, by Pope Gregory IX—just two

while awaiting entry. Beatified on 25 October 1619 by Pope Paul V and canonized on 12 March 1622 by Pope Gregory XV alongside Ignatius of Loyola, Francis is

the Prince of the Apostles, was a saint, fisherman, apostle, and the first Pope of the Roman Catholic Church, recognized as the “Rock” upon which Jesus built

Canonised on 14 October 2018 by Pope Francis. Paul VI: The First Modern Pope by Peter Hebblethwaite (1993) The Life of Pope Paul VI by John G. Clancy (1964