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involved clerical election with lay ratification. Over time, external influences, including imperial interference, affected papal elections. In 1059, Pope

the faith. The role was formalized in the 11th century to streamline papal elections and centralize Church governance, with cardinals becoming the Pope’s

the Next Papal Election. Doubleday. ISBN 978-0-385-50453-9. Baumgartner, Frederic J. (2003). Behind Locked Doors: A History of the Papal Elections. Palgrave

culture, and history, serving as a stage for significant events like papal elections and the Second Vatican Council’s closing ceremonies. It is a place of

as Archbishop of Buenos Aires on 28 February 1998, serving until his papal election in 2013. Created cardinal-priest of San Roberto Bellarmino by Pope John

set by Universi Dominici Gregis. Papal conclave College of Cardinals Universi Dominici Gregis 2025 papal conclave "Papal conclave". 4 May 2025. https://en

the Next Papal Election. Doubleday. ISBN 978-0-385-50453-9. Baumgartner, Frederic J. (2003). Behind Locked Doors: A History of the Papal Elections. Palgrave

cardinal-electors in the 2025 papal conclave, starting May 7, Langlois marks a historic moment by casting Haiti’s first vote in a papal election, representing a marginalized

intermittent persecution. Fabian’s early obscurity ended with his unexpected papal election in 236 AD. His presence in Rome during this pivotal moment suggests

the diocese). His voting record in U.S. elections—participating in the 2024, 2018, 2014, and 2012 general elections and Republican primaries in 2016, 2014

Propagation of the Faith, his path shifted to diplomacy. Prior to his papal election, Roncalli's occupation encompassed pastoral, academic, and diplomatic

negotiating the 2016 St. Sylvester Framework Agreement for democratic elections and criticizing resource exploitation, which led to death threats. His

Sanctuary of Divine Mercy in Kraków-Łagiewniki on 17 August 2002. First papal visit to Cuba in 1998, addressing communism's legacy. Loading map... {"minzoom":false

by the College of Cardinals through a process known as a conclave. This election happens when the previous Pope dies or, very rarely, resigns. Once elected

theologian, Leo XIII maintained the Church’s independence during the loss of the Papal States while re-establishing relations with France, Germany, and Russia.

pilgrim pope” for his extensive international travels, including the first papal visits to the five continents. Canonised by Pope Francis on 14 October 2018

archdeacons over alleged simony and royal influence. Consecrated in 1143 after papal clearance, he was deposed in 1147 by Pope Eugene III, a Cistercian, in favor

Peace of Westphalia negotiations in Münster (1648), meeting Fabio Chigi, the papal nuncio, whose spirituality profoundly impacted him. This experience shifted

doctrine. The 1989 papal visit by Pope John Paul II to Poland galvanized resistance to communism. Recent events include the 2013 election of Pope Francis

head in Lateran), qualifying under Canon 1230 as a pilgrimage center for papal devotions, Masses, and catacomb tours tied to his epitaphs. Pilgrimage details: