Draft2:Midwest Geological Sequestration Consortium

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The Midwest Geological Sequestration Consortium (MGSC) is a public and private partnership aimed at exploring and developing carbon sequestration and carbon capture and storage in the Unites States. MGSC focuses on the Illinois basin, which covers most of Illinois, as well as parts of Kentucky and Indiana. It is one of seven Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnerships developed by DOE's Office of Fossil Energy and Carbon Management. DOE combines the findings from PCOR with other RCSP programs to build a national carbon storage atlas (NATCARB).

Official Site - netl.doe.gov

File:Mgsc map.jpg
A map of the Illinois Basin and area where MGSC operates [1]

Mission

  • Assessment of carbon capture and transportation options in the region, focusing on options for field tests and pipeline requirements for long-term storage.
  • Carbon storage assessment for each of the three geologic storage formations: un-mineable coal seams, oil reservoirs, and saline formations.
  • Link options for capture, transportation, and geologic storage within the developing environmental and regulatory framework, in addition to defining storage scenarios and potential outcomes for the region.
  • Developing monitoring, verification, and accounting (MVA) protocols to ensure safe and effective storage operations. [2]

Core functions

File:Mgsc map1.jpg
A map of stationary CO2 sites in the Illinois Basin [3]

The core function of MGSC is to explore safe carbon sequestration options in the Illinois Basin. The Illinois basin consists of uneconomic coal resources (coal that is too expensive to mine), oil fields, and deep saline formations that provide an unusually large opportunity to store CO2. GSC tests the capability of the three types of reservoirs identified within the basin to serve as storage formations for some of the more than 265 million metric tons of annual CO2 emissions from major industrial stationary sources in the Illinois Basin. The Illinois Basin region contributes about 11 percent of the total U.S. CO2 emissions from electric power generation plants. Coal is the dominant fossil fuel for these plants and contributes 97 percent of the Illinois Basin CO2 emissions from stationary sources of electricity. [4]

DOE relevance

File:Rcsp regions.jpg
A map of the seven RCSP regions [5]

DOE's Office of Fossil Energy and Carbon Management has created a network of seven Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnerships (RCSP's) to help develop the technology, infrastructure, and regulations to implement large-scale CO2 storage (also called carbon sequestration) in different regions and geologic formations within the nation. Collectively, the seven RCSPs represent regions encompassing:

  • 97 percent of coal-fired CO2 emissions
  • 97 percent of industrial CO2 emissions
  • 96 percent of the total land mass

History

Each RCSP has three distinct phases: Characterization, Validation, and Development.

Phase I

In Phase I, the characterization phase, sites of stationary CO2 were sought out and tested. Phase I lasted from 2005 to 2008.

Phase II

File:Mgsc map2.jpg
A map of both validation and development sites in the basin [6]

During Phase II, the Validation Phase, stationary CO2 sites were tested for feasibility of carbon sequestration. In addition, regional oil fields, coal mines, and deep saline formations were tested for their ability to store CO2. a series of four small-scale pilot field tests (see map) were conducted by MGSC and its industry partners. These pilot projects included the testing of unmineable coal seams to adsorb gaseous CO2 and the ability to enhance oil production or recovery from mature oil fields by CO2 flooding. Test results from the injection into deep coals indicate that the formation can successfully store CO2 and cause trapped methane to be released, providing the potential to augment natural gas supplies. The three enhanced oil recovery (EOR) tests yielded improved oil recovery at increased rates. Increased oil yield provides a mechanism of reducing storage costs through increased oil revenue. [7]

Phase III

File:MGSC drill.jpg
A drill used by the MGSC to monitor saline injection of CO2 [8]

Phase III is the ongoing phase known as the development phase. It includes a large-scale injection demonstration at a corn processing facility in Decatur, Illinois. Archer Daniels Midland (ADM) and Schlumberger Carbon Services are key industry partners for this project, which will inject 1 million metric tons of CO2 over three years. The target formation receiving the CO2 is the Mt. Simon Sandstone saline formation, one of the most significant potential carbon storage resources in the United States. A comprehensive monitoring, verification, and accounting program, including shallow groundwater, soil gas, resistivity, and atmospheric monitoring was started in March 2008 and continued with the completion of four regulatory shallow groundwater monitoring wells in mid-2010. [9]

Partners

Related Links

External links

References

  1. ↑ https://www.netl.doe.gov/research/coal/carbon-storage/carbon-storage-infrastructure/mgsc
  2. ↑ Ibid.
  3. ↑ Ibid.
  4. ↑ Ibid.
  5. ↑ https://www.energy.gov/fe/science-innovation/carbon-capture-and-storage-research/regional-partnerships
  6. ↑ Ibid.
  7. ↑ Ibid.
  8. ↑ Ibid.
  9. ↑ Ibid.
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