View source for Draft2:Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty

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The '''Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty''' ('''CTBT''') is a multilateral treaty by which states agree to ban all [[nuclear weapon|nuclear]] explosions in all environments, for military or civilian purposes. It was adopted by the [[United Nations]] General Assembly on 10 September 1996<ref name="un.org">{{cite web|url=http://www.un.org/documents/ga/res/50/ares50-245.htm|title=Resolution adopted by the general assembly:50/245. Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty|date=17 September 1996|accessdate=3 December 2011|work=[[United Nations]]}}</ref> but it has not entered into force due to the non-ratification of eight specific states.

== DOE relevance ==

=== Stockpile Stewardship Program ===
{{#ev:youtube|8MmujbPYT80|400|right|How we ensure the nuclear deterrent without testing}}[[File:Acoustic Lab - Acoustic test on a B61.jpg|alt=Man next to a rocket with wires around it|thumb|450x450px|A Sandia National Laboratories engineer adjusts a microphone for an acoustic test on a B61]]The '''Stockpile Stewardship Program''' (SSP) was established to ensure that the nuclear weapons stockpile is safe, secure, and reliable without underground testing.  The complexity and breadth of the program makes Stockpile Stewardship a significant management challenge.  This program is composed of discreet elements, the success of which makes Stockpile Stewardship a viable program.  These discreet elements are reviewed, audited, and subjected to independent oversight—with corresponding corrective action plans being developed and implemented.  Our [[Planning, Programming, Budgeting and Evaluation|Planning, Programming, Budgeting and Evaluation process]] (and associated Five-Year planning) ensures that the SSP will meet the Nation’s [[nuclear weapons]] mission.  The discreet elements include, but are not limited to:  [[Project Management]]; Oversight of Contractors/Contract Administration; Safety and Security; [[Human Capital Management]]; and, Complex Transformation.

=== Preparatory Commission for the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Organization ===
[[Secretary of Energy]] Dr. [[Ernest Moniz]] toured the [[Preparatory Commission for the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Organization]] (CTBTO) in Vienna, an organization responsible for monitoring international underground testing of nuclear explosions. The Preparatory Commission has set up monitoring sites worldwide. [[File:Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty Worldwide Monitoring Sites July 2013.jpeg|400px|thumbnail|right|CTBTO Worldwide Monitoring sites as of July 2013.  Courtesy LLNL.]]

[[PNNL]] is one of 16 CTBTO [[radionuclide labs]] and certifies the makeup of materials detected by CTBTO sensors. Dr. Moniz stated "This [CTBTO] state-of-the-art facility represents the global cooperation necessary to succeed at this important mission, and the Department of Energy plays an integral role in [Obama's goal] through our National Laboratories."<ref>[http://www.pnnl.gov/nationalsecurity/highlights/ National Labs Bringing a Peaceful Nuclear Future]</ref>

[[LLNL]] weapons laboratory researchers - 2 engineers and a scientist - are designated as [http://www.ctbto.org/verification-regime/on-site-inspection/the-final-verification-measure/ on-site surrogate inspectors] under the Preparatory Commission for the CTBTO. Once the treaty goes into effect, on-site inspectors approved by the Treaty's Conference of States Parties would serve on multi-disciplinary, multinational teams that would, under the terms of the inspection mandate, seek to clarify whether a nuclear explosion had taken place in violation of the terms of the treaty. The LLNL researchers have traveled to Austria, Jordan, South Korea, and Hungary for their training.  [https://www.llnl.gov/news/lab-scientist-and-engineers-train-be-inspectors-test-ban-treaty-organization Learn more about the LLNL weapons researchers work with Preparatory Commission for the CTBTO]. {{#ev:youtube|fQsnwvZR_ZY|400|right}}

== Related ==

* [[Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty]]
* [[Nuclear Weapons Council]]
* [[Nuclear Posture Review]]
* [[Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons]]
* [[Preparatory Commission for the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Organization]]
* [[Science Based Stockpile Stewardship]]
* [[Office of Research, Development, Test, and Evaluation]]

== External links ==
* [http://www.state.gov/t/avc/c42328.htm Comprehensive Nuclear Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT)]
* [http://www.history.navy.mil/library/online/nucweps%20test%20ban.htm Nuclear Weapons: Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty]
* [http://sites.nationalacademies.org/PGA/cisac/PGA_053215 Technical Issues Related to the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty] - [[National Academies of Science]]

== References ==
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[[Category:Concepts]]
[[Category:Partnerships]]